What do systematic reviews say?

Low‐GI dietary advice vs moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (child outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether low‐GI dietary advice changes large‐for‐gestational age compared with moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (child outcomes) (very low certainty).

• Dietary advice interventions in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.6 [0.19, 1.86]
  3 studies · 777 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Low‐moderate GI diet vs moderate‐high GI diet (neonatal/child/adulthood outcomes)

Summary of findings: Low‐moderate GI diet showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with moderate‐high GI diet (neonatal/child/adulthood outcomes) (low certainty).

• Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.22, 2.34]
  2 studies · 89 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Energy‐restricted diet vs no energy‐restricted diet (maternal outcomes)

Summary of findings: Energy‐restricted diet showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with no energy‐restricted diet (neonatal/child/adulthood outcomes) (low certainty).

• Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.17 [0.65, 2.12]
  1 study · 123 participants
  Low

Dietary advice vs standard‐of‐care therapy

• Dietary advice interventions in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).

• Combined diet and exercise interventions for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.81, 1.07]
  11 studies · 5353 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age (low certainty).

• Antenatal dietary supplementation with myo‐inositol for preventing gestational diabetes 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.4 [0.65, 3.02]
  1 study · 234 participants
  Low

Myo‐inositol vs placebo

Myo‐inositol showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Dietary supplementation with myo‐inositol in women during pregnancy for treating gestational diabetes 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.36 [0.02, 8.58]
  1 study · 73 participants
  Low