What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in insulin ‐ hypoglycaemia (< 60 mg/dL) (low certainty).

• Computerized advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.35, 1.48]
  7 studies · 378 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes insulin ‐ severe hypoglycaemia (< 40 mg/dL) (very low certainty).

• Computerized advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.69 [0.11, 4.31]
  4 studies · 292 participants
  Very low

Metformin vs insulin

It is very uncertain whether infant outcomes: oral anti‐diabetic agent (metformin) changes hypoglycaemia compared with insulin (very low certainty).

• Oral anti‐diabetic agents for women with established diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance or previous gestational… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.34 [0.18, 0.62]
  3 studies · 241 participants
  Very low

DPP‐4 inhibitors vs placebo

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 1443 participants
  Very low

GLP‐1 agonists vs placebo

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 303 participants
  Low

Glitazone vs placebo

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 70 participants
  Very low

Sitagliptin vs glipizide

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 551 participants
  Moderate

SGLT2 inhibitors vs placebo

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 3086 participants
  Low

Dextrose gel vs oral (swallowed) glucose

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

DPP‐4 inhibitors vs insulin glargine

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 45 participants
  Very low

Dextrose gel vs oral (swallowed) glucose

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CSII vs MDI: infant outcomes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

More intensive vs less intensive insulin therapy

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 301 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Insulin monotherapy compared with the addition of oral glucose‐lowering agents to insulin for people with type 2… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 503 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Insulin monotherapy compared with the addition of oral glucose‐lowering agents to insulin for people with type 2… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 583 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Insulin monotherapy compared with the addition of oral glucose‐lowering agents to insulin for people with type 2… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 590 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Insulin monotherapy compared with the addition of oral glucose‐lowering agents to insulin for people with type 2… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 239 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Insulin monotherapy compared with the addition of oral glucose‐lowering agents to insulin for people with type 2… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 760 participants
  Low