What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings for the main comparison. Physical activity and exercise interventions vs usual care

• Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 163 participants
  Very low

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

• Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 4451 participants
  Low

Multimodal intervention (exercise plus other interventions) plus usual care vs usual care

• Exercise for cancer cachexia in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions vs usual care or attention control

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life 1 trial of single‐lens glasses… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

• Environmental interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.4
  1 study · 597 participants
  Low

Complex information, support and training interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Remotely delivered information, training and support for informal caregivers of people with dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 311 participants
  Moderate

Complex information, support and training interventions vs information only

• Remotely delivered information, training and support for informal caregivers of people with dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 257 participants
  Low

Interventions for involving older patients with multi‐morbidity in decision‐making about their health care vs usual care

• Interventions for involving older patients with multi‐morbidity in decision‐making during primary care consultations 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 1546 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs control

• Exercise interventions for adults after liver transplantation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 169 participants
  Very low

Interactive computer intervention vs in‐person interventions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interactive computer‐based interventions for weight loss or weight maintenance in overweight or obese people 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Computer‐based diabetes self‐management interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 2113 participants
  Moderate

Surgical vs conservative interventions

• Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating fractures of the middle third of the clavicle 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 321 participants
  Low

Surgery vs preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgical and non‐surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone‐secreting pituitary… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

SGLT‐2 inhibitors vs sulphonylureas

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

DPP‐4 inhibitors vs sulphonylureas

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

GLP‐1 analogues inhibitors vs sulphonylureas

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Patient education vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Drug dosage reduction vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Meglitinides vs sulphonylureas

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Social network interventions to support cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention in the management of people… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 166 participants
  Very low