What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs NPH insulin

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 3122 participants
  Moderate
• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for adults with type 2 diabetes… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 2233 participants
  Low

Insulin glargine vs NPH insulin

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2285 participants
  Moderate
• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for adults with type 2 diabetes… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 5809 participants
  Low

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2608 participants
  Low
• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2608 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs insulin glargine

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 763 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin degludec vs insulin detemir

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 802 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin degludec vs insulin glargine

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1388 participants
  Low

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 245 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs Insulin glargin (control)

• Insulin detemir versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes mellitus 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 2250 participants
  Low

Glitazones and insulin vs placebo and insulin

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 62 participants
  Very low

Insulin vs placebo

• Drug treatments for managing cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 39 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: NPH insulin vs insulin glargine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Drug treatments for managing cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Thermal stability and storage of human insulin 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Self‐monitoring of blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are not using insulin 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2324 participants
  Moderate

DPP‐4 inhibitors vs insulin glargine

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 45 participants
  Very low

More intensive vs less intensive insulin therapy

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 16 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: repaglinide vs insulin

Summary of findings: repaglinide showed no clear difference in hbA1c (%) change from baseline compared with insulin (high certainty).

• Drug treatments for managing cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.3
  1 study · 67 participants
  High

SGLT2 inhibitors vs placebo

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 1092 participants
  Moderate

GLP‐1 agonists vs placebo

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 283 participants
  Moderate

Glitazone vs placebo

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 88 participants
  Very low

Sitagliptin vs glipizide

• Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 398 participants
  Low