What do systematic reviews say?

Dietary advice vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Dietary advice interventions showed no clear difference in gestational weight gain (kg) compared with standard care (maternal outcomes) (low certainty).

• Dietary advice interventions in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 1336 participants
  Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in gestational weight gain (kg) compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).

• Combined diet and exercise interventions for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 5052 participants
  Moderate

Low‐GI dietary advice vs moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (child outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether low‐GI dietary advice changes gestational weight gain (kg) compared with moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (maternal outcomes) (very low certainty).

• Dietary advice interventions in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 787 participants
  Very low

Balanced protein and energy supplementation vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

• Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2391 participants
  Very low