What do systematic reviews say?

Renin‐angiotensin system inhibition vs placebo or no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐immunosuppressive treatment for IgA nephropathy 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors showed no clear difference in death (any cause) compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers for adults with early (stage 1 to 3)… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2 [0.26, 15.37]
  2 studies · 8873 participants
  Low

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo

• Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers for adults with early (stage 1 to 3)… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 226 participants
  GRADE not reported

Exercise vs no exercise or placebo exercise

It is very uncertain whether any exercise changes death (any cause compared with no exercise or placebo exercise (very low certainty).

• Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.56, 1.62]
  1 study · 296 participants
  Very low

Resistance training vs no exercise or placebo exercise

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Aerobic exercise and strength training vs no exercise or placebo exercise

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Aerobic exercise vs no exercise or placebo exercise

It is very uncertain whether aerobic exercise changes death (any cause) compared with no exercise or placebo exercise (very low certainty).

• Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.56, 1.62]
  1 study · 296 participants
  Very low

Bovine colostrum vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing diarrhoea‐associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Synsorb Pk vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing diarrhoea‐associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Urtoxazumab (3.0 mg/kg) vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether urtoxazumab (3.0 mg/kg) changes death (any cause) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing diarrhoea‐associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.34 [0.01, 8.14]
  1 study · 71 participants
  Very low

Urtoxazumab (1.0 mg/kg) vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether urtoxazumab (1.0 mg/kg) changes death (any cause) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing diarrhoea‐associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.06, 14.59]
  1 study · 74 participants
  Very low

Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo or usual care

Aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone or eplerenone) probably leads to lower death (any cause) compared with control (placebo or standard care) (moderate certainty).

• Aldosterone antagonists for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.45 [0.3, 0.67]
  9 studies · 1119 participants
  Moderate

DPP‐4 inhibitors vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

SGLT2 inhibitors vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Glitazones and insulin vs placebo and insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

ACUTE: Serelaxin vs placebo

ACUTE: Serelaxin showed no clear difference in death (any cause) compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.59 [0.34, 1.02]
  2 studies · 1395 participants
  Low

Potassium binder vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether potassium binder changes death (any cause) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Potassium binders for chronic hyperkalaemia in people with chronic kidney disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.69 [0.11, 4.32]
  4 studies · 688 participants
  Very low

CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo

CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB showed no clear difference in death (any cause) ( compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.7, 1.02]
  4 studies · 5003 participants
  Low

CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers vs placebo

CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers probably leads to lower death (any cause) ( compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.69 [0.6, 0.79]
  4 studies · 3136 participants
  Moderate

Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists changes death (any cause) ( compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.06, 6.59]
  2 studies · 34 participants
  Very low