What do systematic reviews say?

Probiotics administered to pregnant women at risk of preterm birth vs placebo or no intervention

• Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 298 participants
  Low

Probiotics administered exclusively after birth in mothers of preterm infants vs placebo or no intervention

Probiotics administered exclusively after birth in mothers of… showed no clear difference in death or NEC compared with maternal placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

• Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.19, 1.49]
  1 study · 58 participants
  Low

Probiotics administered to pregnant women at risk of preterm birth vs placebo or no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oropharyngeal colostrum (OPC) vs No treatment or saline or water

It is very uncertain whether oropharyngeal colostrum (OPC) changes death before discharge to home compared with control (water, saline, or no intervention) (very low certainty).

• Oropharyngeal colostrum in preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.76 [0.34, 1.71]
  6 studies · 335 participants
  Very low

Probiotics administered exclusively after birth in mothers of preterm infants vs placebo or no intervention

Probiotics administered exclusively after birth in mothers of… showed no clear difference in death prior to hospital discharge compared with maternal placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

• Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.66 [0.06, 6.88]
  1 study · 58 participants
  Low

Plastic wrap or bag vs usual care

Plastic wrap or bag showed no clear difference in mortality (death within hospital stay or at 6 months' corrected… compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions to prevent hypothermia at birth in preterm and/or low birth weight infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.73, 1.15]
  10 studies · 1447 participants
  Moderate