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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

18 questions · 18 findings · 6 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 4 · 22.2%GRADE not reported 1 · 5.6%Very low 7 · 38.9%Low 6 · 33.3%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

IVIg vs placebo

Death · adults with renal vasculitis

Intravenous immunoglobulin showed no clear difference in death compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IVIg vs placebo or no treatment

Overall survival (risk of death) ‐ adults with myocarditis, median · adults with acute myocarditis

It is very uncertain whether intravenous immunoglobulin changes overall survival (risk of death) ‐ adults with myocarditis, median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IVIg vs placebo or no treatment

Overall survival (risk of death) ‐ children with myocarditis, 6‐month · children with acute myocarditis

It is very uncertain whether intravenous immunoglobulin changes overall survival (risk of death) ‐ children with myocarditis, 6‐month compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IVIg vs placebo or no treatment

Event‐free survival (no death, transplant, or left ventricular assist device) ‐ adults with myocarditis · adults with acute myocarditis

It is very uncertain whether intravenous immunoglobulin changes event‐free survival (risk of death, cardiac transplant, or left… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin vs control

NEC‐related deaths during study period · preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table for oral immunoglobulin changes NEC‐related deaths during study period compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma vs saline placebo

Serious adverse events up to day 28 (data available only as a composite of serious adverse events or death up to day 28) · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma showed no clear difference in serious adverse events up to day 28 (data available only as a… compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor vs placebo

Death or disability after 12 months · patients with Guillain‐Barré syndrome

It is very uncertain whether brain‐derived neurotrophic factor changes death or disability after 12 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo

Worsening of clinical status (expressed as new need for IMV, admission to ICU, or death by day 28) · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in worsening of clinical status (expressed as new need for IMV,… compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Eculizumab vs placebo

Death or disability after 12 months In the absence of data at 12 months, we report the outcome at 6 months · adults with severe Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS disability score > 2), within 2 weeks form onset

It is very uncertain whether eculizumab changes death or disability after 12 months In the absence of data at 12… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review