Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

222 questions · 224 findings · 82 reviews

No studies found 49 · 21.9%GRADE not reported 16 · 7.1%Very low 57 · 25.4%Low 57 · 25.4%Moderate 36 · 16.1%High 9 · 4%

Intensive insulin therapy vs conventional insulin therapy

Death ‐ at 180 days after ICU admission, in total population randomised · critically ill patients

Intensive insulin therapy showed no clear difference in death ‐ at 180 days after ICU admission, in total population… compared with conventional insulin therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks vs sdNVP plus ZDV (1 week)

HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks probably leads to lower HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at… compared with sdNVP plus ZDV (1week) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Plastic wrap or bag vs usual care

Mortality (death within hospital stay or at 6 months' corrected gestation) · preterm or low birth weight infants

Plastic wrap or bag showed no clear difference in mortality (death within hospital stay or at 6 months' corrected… compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Composite outcome in infant (death, shoulder dystocia, nerve palsy, bone fracture) · women with gestational diabetes mellitus

It is very uncertain whether lifestyle changes composite outcome in infant (death, shoulder dystocia, nerve palsy,… compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual vs usual care

Adverse events: death Assessed by: number of participant deaths between a 3‐ and 9‐month · adults with antisocial personality disorder

It is very uncertain whether impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual changes adverse events: death Assessed by: number of participant deaths… compared with treatment‐as‐usual alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28 weeks vs 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis

HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic test was negative at 2 weeks · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28… probably leads to lower HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic… compared with 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 28 weeks vs 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis

HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic test was negative at 2 weeks · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 28 weeks probably leads to lower HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic… compared with 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28 weeks vs an extended NVP regimen administered to infants

HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic test was negative at 2 weeks · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28… showed no clear difference in HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic… compared with an extended NVP regimen administered to infants (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial risk management ('Resettle' programme) vs usual care

Death during study period · adults with antisocial personality disorder

It is very uncertain whether psychosocial risk management ('Resettle' programme) changes adverse events: death during the study period Timing of assessment:… compared with treatment‐as‐usual (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical activity vs usual care

Overall survival (time interval between enrolment in the study and death of the person from any cause) · adults with non‐advanced colorectal cancer treated surgically or with neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy, or both

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks vs sdNVP

HIV Transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 7 days of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks probably leads to lower HIV Transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV… compared with sdNVP (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers vs Short‐Course AZT (intrapartum AZT/3TC/sd‐NVP)

HIV transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative at 6 weeks after birth · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

An extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers showed no clear difference in HIV transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV… compared with short course ZDV (intrapartum ZDV/3TC/sdNVP) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks vs sdNVP

HIV Transmission or Death at 12 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 7 days of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks showed no clear difference in HIV Transmission or Death at 12 months among those whose HIV… compared with sdNVP (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers vs Short‐Course AZT (intrapartum AZT/3TC/sd‐NVP)

HIV transmission or death at 12 months among all infants whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 6 weeks of birth · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

An extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers probably leads to lower HIV transmission or Death at 12 months among those whose HIV… compared with short course ZDV (intrapartum ZDV/3TC/sdNVP) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP plus ZDV dual regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks vs sdNVP plus ZDV (1 week)

HIV Transmission or Death at 9 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 48 hours of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP plus ZDV regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks leads to lower HIV Transmission or Death at 9 months among those whose HIV… compared with sdNVP plus ZDV (1 week) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP plus ZDV dual regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks vs an extended NVP regimen administered to infants

HIV Transmission or Death at 9 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 48 hours of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP plus ZDV dual regimen administered to infants for 14… showed no clear difference in HIV Transmission or Death at 9 months among those whose HIV… compared with an extended NVP regimen administered to infants (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks vs sdNVP plus ZDV (1 week)

HIV Transmission or Death at 9 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 48 hours of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks leads to lower HIV Transmission or Death at 9 months among those whose HIV… compared with sdNVP plus ZDV (1week) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers vs an extended ZDV/3TC/ABC administered to mothers

HIV Transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 96 hours of birth · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

It is very uncertain whether an extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers changes HIV Transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV… compared with an extended ZDV/3TC/ABC administered to mothers (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

HIV Transmission or Death at 18 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative at one month after birth · breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes HIV Transmission or Death at 18 months among those whose HIV… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

A once‐daily NVP regimen administered for 6 months vs a once‐daily NVP regimen administered

HIV transmission or death at 6 months among all infants whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 6 weeks of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

A once‐daily NVP regimen administered for 6 months showed no clear difference in HIV transmission or death at 6 months among all infants whose HIV… compared with a once‐daily NVP regimen administered (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review