Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

5 questions · 5 findings · 4 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 20%Low 1 · 20%Moderate 1 · 20%High 2 · 40%

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy vs empirical antifungal therapy

All‐cause mortality · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with empirical antifungal therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.72, 1.3]
6 studies · 1459 participants
Low

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

All cause mortality · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy showed no clear difference in all cause mortality compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐lactam versus beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy in cancer patients with neutropenia 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.87 [0.75, 1.02]
44 studies · 7186 participants
High

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

All cause mortality · patients with afebrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy

Summary of findings: antibiotics leads to lower all cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66
46 studies · 5635 participants
High

Summary of findings: quinolone prophylaxis vs TMP‐SMZ prophylaxis

All cause‐mortality · cancer patients with afebrile neutropenia following chemotherapy

Summary of findings: quinolone prophylaxis probably leads to higher all cause‐mortality compared with TMP‐SMZ prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07
10 studies · 917 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality up to 30 days · people with neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes all‐cause mortality up to 30 days (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Granulocyte transfusions for preventing infections in people with neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.63, 1.36]
7 studies · 437 participants
Very low