Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

35 questions · 35 findings · 9 reviews · All outcomes

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No studies found 11 · 31.4%GRADE not reported 12 · 34.3%Very low 10 · 28.6%Low 1 · 2.9%Moderate 1 · 2.9%High 0 · 0%

Primary surgical intervention (curettage, peripheral osteotomy, or resection) vs Primary non-surgical intervention (intralesional corticosteroids, subcutaneous calcitonin, interferon alpha, or imatinib)

Adverse events · Patients with a pathological diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws 2009 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) vs Conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.)

Adverse events · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
This outcome was unreported in all included studies
0 studies
No studies found

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs None (placebo or no treatment)

Adverse events · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Any surgical or non-surgical technique or material used for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Adverse events · People of any age and either gender with post-extraction bleeding, regardless of type of teeth (anterior or posterior, mandibular or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating post‐extraction bleeding 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
No data are available as no RCTs have been conducted on interventions to treat post-extraction bleeding
0 studies
No studies found

Combined paracetamol plus ibuprofen in a single tablet (e.g. paracetamol 1000 mg/ibuprofen 400 mg or 500/200 mg) vs Single drugs given separately (paracetamol 1000 mg or ibuprofen 400 mg)

Adverse events · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen and/or paracetamol (acetaminophen) for pain relief after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Study period (immediate postoperative)
The majority of adverse events were minor in nature and usually included nausea, vomiting, headaches and dizziness. Side effect profiles have not been included in a meta-analysis as multiple adverse events were…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Ibuprofen (single postoperative oral dose; 200 mg to 512 mg) vs paracetamol

Adverse events · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen and/or paracetamol (acetaminophen) for pain relief after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Study period (immediate postoperative)
The majority of adverse events were minor in nature and usually included nausea, vomiting, headaches and dizziness. Side effect profiles have not been included in a meta-analysis as multiple adverse events were…
7 studies
GRADE not reported

Oral paracetamol vs placebo

Patients with one or more adverse events · Patients requiring surgical removal of a lower wisdom tooth or teeth, with baseline moderate to severe pain (surgery under local…

Paracetamol (single oral dose, any dose or formulation; subgroups up… showed no clear difference in patients with one or more adverse events compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol for pain relief after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
up to 7 days
RR 1.19 [0.90, 1.57]
17 studies · 1645 participants
GRADE not reported

Doxycycline + SRP vs Metronidazole + SRP

Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included studies have not reported adverse events
Studies not reported
No studies found

Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs Tetracycline + SRP

Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with tetracycline + SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
The only included trial (Abu Fanas 1991) reported there were no adverse events.
1 study · 8 participants
GRADE not reported

Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis

It is very uncertain whether amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP changes adverse events compared with SRP (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included study reported diarrhoea in 2 participants from both groups.
1 study · 21 participants
Very low

Clindamycin + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included study has not reported adverse events
Studies not reported
No studies found

Metronidazole + SRP vs Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP

Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

Metronidazole + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
All three included trials (Matarazzo 2008; Silva 2011; Xajigeorgiou 2006) reported adverse events in both MTZ + SRP and AMOX + MTZ + SRP groups (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, metallic taste, irritability, mild…
3 studies · 84 participants
GRADE not reported

Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs Clarithromycin + SRP

Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with clarithromycin + SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Two patients were reported to have vomiting and unbearable stomach pain in the AMOX + MTZ + SRP group (Araujo 2019).
1 study
GRADE not reported

Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Moxifloxacin + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
The included trial (Ardila 2015) had no adverse events amongst the participants.
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

Clarithromycin + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

Clarithromycin + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Both included trials reported adverse events in the clarithromycin + SRP group: unpalatable taste and mild gastric intolerance in 2 patients (Pradeep 2011); mild gastrointestinal discomfort in 2 patients (Rebelatto…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Levofloxacin + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Levofloxacin + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Both included trials (Pradeep 2014; Pradeep 2015) reported dizziness and diarrhoea in the levofloxacin + SRP group.
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Cefixime + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Cefixime + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
The only included trial (Dukic 2016) reported nausea, dizziness and/or anorexia in the cefixime + SRP group.
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Metronidazole + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

It is very uncertain whether metronidazole + SRP changes adverse events compared with SRP (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
No severe adverse effects were reported by any of the participants in 1 study. 2 studies have not reported adverse events.
3 studies · 71 participants
Very low

Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included study has not reported adverse events
Studies not reported
No studies found

Doxycycline + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included study has not reported adverse events
Studies not reported
No studies found