Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

13 questions · 13 findings · 2 reviews · Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care

No studies found 4 · 30.8%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 8 · 61.5%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 1 · 7.7%High 0 · 0%

High‐dose corticosteroids vs moderate‐dose or no corticosteroids

Serious adverse events · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (without peptic ulceration or infection; mixed prognosis)

High‐dose corticosteroids probably leads to higher serious adverse events compared with moderate‐dose or no corticosteroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs morphine

Nausea · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

It is very uncertain whether hydromorphone changes specific adverse events – nausea compared with morphine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs fentanyl

Nausea · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs oxycodone

Nausea · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

It is very uncertain whether hydromorphone changes specific adverse events – nausea compared with oxycodone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs morphine

Vomiting · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

It is very uncertain whether hydromorphone changes specific adverse events – vomiting compared with morphine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs fentanyl

Vomiting · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs oxycodone

Vomiting · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

It is very uncertain whether hydromorphone changes specific adverse events – vomiting compared with oxycodone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs morphine

Dizziness · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

It is very uncertain whether hydromorphone changes specific adverse events – dizziness compared with morphine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs fentanyl

Dizziness · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs oxycodone

Dizziness · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

It is very uncertain whether hydromorphone changes specific adverse events – dizziness compared with oxycodone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs fentanyl

Constipation · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone vs oxycodone

Constipation · people with moderate to severe cancer pain

It is very uncertain whether hydromorphone changes specific adverse events – constipation compared with oxycodone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review