Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

137 questions · 138 findings · 58 reviews

No studies found 23 · 16.7%GRADE not reported 4 · 2.9%Very low 35 · 25.4%Low 31 · 22.5%Moderate 34 · 24.6%High 11 · 8%

Enteral vs parenteral nutrition

Adverse events: sepsis (as reported by study authors at end of study · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

Enteral may leads to lower adverse events: sepsis (as reported by study authors at end of study compared with parenteral nutrition (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs calcium

Adverse events (number) Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D plus calcium changes adverse events (number) Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria compared with calcium (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs enteral and parenteral nutrition

Adverse events: Vomiting · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs parenteral nutrition

Adverse events: Vomiting · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

It is very uncertain whether enteral changes adverse events: vomiting (as reported by study authors at end of study compared with parenteral nutrition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs enteral and parenteral nutrition

Adverse events ‐ pneumonia · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

It is very uncertain whether enteral changes adverse events: pneumonia (as reported by study authors at end of… compared with enteral and parenteral nutrition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs parenteral nutrition

Adverse events ‐ pneumonia · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

Enteral showed no clear difference in adverse events: pneumonia (as reported by study authors at end of… compared with parenteral nutrition (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs enteral and parenteral nutrition

Adverse events: aspiration (as reported by study authors at end of study · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs parenteral nutrition

Adverse events: aspiration (as reported by study authors at end of study · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

It is very uncertain whether enteral changes adverse events: aspiration (as reported by study authors at end of… compared with parenteral nutrition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs vitamin D

Adverse events (number) Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D plus calcium changes adverse events (number) Definition: asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and… compared with vitamin D (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria, neck pain, eye discomfort) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. fall,… compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Gastrointestinal adverse events · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes adverse events: all ‐ gastrointestinal effects (e.g. constipation,… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. suicidal intentions) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. suicidal… compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Adverse effects (central nervous system) · people with depression after stroke

Non‐invasive brain stimulation showed no clear difference in adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. confusion,… compared with sham non‐invasive brain stimulation and/or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Adverse effects (central nervous system) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. confusion,… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria, neck pain, eye discomfort) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

Non‐invasive brain stimulation showed no clear difference in adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria,… compared with sham non‐invasive brain stimulation and/or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Abiraterone + ADT vs ADT only

Adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of · men with metastatic, hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer

Abiraterone + ADT leads to higher grades III to V adverse events (severe and life threatening, as per… compared with ADT alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review