Alpha‐blockers vs placebo
Adverse events (4 weeks' to 180 days' · primary Raynaud's phenomenon
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted1 study · 33 participantsGRADE not reported
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
131 questions · 131 findings · 55 reviews
No studies found 10 · 7.6%GRADE not reported 10 · 7.6%Very low 31 · 23.7%Low 39 · 29.8%Moderate 31 · 23.7%High 10 · 7.6%
Colchicine vs placebo or usual care
Serious adverse events within 28 days · people with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and asymptomatic or mild disease
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted1 study · 4412 participantsModerate
Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care
Serious adverse events at up to day 28 · non‐hospitalised adults with mild COVID‐19
Remdesivir and standard care may leads to lower serious adverse events at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.27 [0.1, 0.7]1 study · 562 participantsLow
Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care
Serious adverse events at up to day 28 · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)
Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in serious adverse events at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.84 [0.65, 1.07]4 studies · 2498 participantsLow
RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo
Adverse events: all grades · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19
RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in adverse events of any grade (by day 28) compared with saline placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.99 [0.74, 1.31]1 study · 243 participantsLow
Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care
Adverse events: all grades · non‐hospitalised adults with mild COVID‐19
Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in adverse events (any grade) at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.91 [0.76, 1.1]1 study · 562 participantsModerate
Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care
Adverse events: all grades · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)
Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in adverse events (any grade) at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.04 [0.92, 1.18]4 studies · 2498 participantsLow
RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo
Grades 3 and 4 adverse events · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19
RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… led to higher adverse events at grade 3 or 4 (by day 28) compared with saline placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
- OR 43 participantsGRADE not reported
Blue light vs white light
Any adverse events (up to 90 days; MCID 5%) · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Blue light showed no clear difference in any adverse events (up to 90 days; MCID 5%) compared with white light (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Blue versus white light for transurethral resection of non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.09 [0.88, 1.33]3 studies · 1375 participantsLow
Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma vs saline placebo
Grades 3 and 4 adverse events · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19
Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma probably leads to higher adverse events at grades 3 to 4 up to 28 days compared with saline placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 4.09 [1.39, 12.01]Studies not reportedModerate
Vitamin E (capsules 2000 IU/day in two divided doses) vs placebo
Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · people with Alzheimer's disease
Vitamin E (capsules 2000 IU/day in two divided doses) showed no clear difference in adverse events Number of participants reporting ≥ 1 serious adverse… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.86 [0.71, 1.05]1 study · 304 participantsModerate
Clobetasol propionate cream vs prednisone
Adverse events: severe complications at day 21 · bullous pemphigoid
Clobetasol propionate cream may leads to lower adverse events: severe complications at day 21 compared with oral prednisone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.65 [0.5, 0.86]1 study · 341 participantsLow
Vitamin E (capsules 2000 IU/day in two divided doses) vs placebo
Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · MCI
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 516 participantsGRADE not reported
Morning bright light vs afternoon bright light
Frequency of adverse events ( · daytime workers
Morning bright light showed no clear difference in adverse events (frequency) compared with afternoon bright light (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Workplace lighting for improving alertness and mood in daytime workers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.53 [0.26, 1.07]1 study · 30 participantsLow
Antibiotics vs placebo or usual care
Serious adverse events Duration 3 days to 3 weeks · acute asthma exacerbation
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Duration 3 days to 3 weeks compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RD 03 studies · 502 participantsLow
Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy
Serious adverse events. Outcome assessed on day 42 · bronchiectasis
It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes serious adverse events. Outcome assessed on day 42 compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- OR 0.48 [0.08, 2.87]1 study · 53 participantsVery low
Three doses HPV vaccine vs control
Overall local/injection site adverse events at 15‐day · 10‐ to 26‐year‐old males
Three doses HPV vaccine leads to higher overall local/injection site adverse events at 15‐day compared with control (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Comparison of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine types and dose schedules for prevention of HPV‐related… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.12 [1.06, 1.18]1 study · 3895 participantsHigh
Nonavalent HPV vaccine vs quadrivalent HPV vaccine
Overall local/injection site adverse events at 15‐day · 9‐ to 26‐year‐old females and males
Nonavalent HPV vaccine leads to higher overall local/injection site adverse events at 15‐day compared with quadrivalent HPV vaccine (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Comparison of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine types and dose schedules for prevention of HPV‐related… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.07 [1.05, 1.08]3 studies · 15863 participantsHigh
Summary of findings: liposomal bupivacaine vs bupivacaine
Incidence of adverse events within 30 days of surgery · aged 18 years and older undergoing elective surgery at any surgical site
1 finding from 1 review
- Liposomal bupivacaine infiltration at the surgical site for the management of postoperative pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted3 studies · 583 participantsModerate
Summary of findings: liposomal bupivacaine vs placebo
Incidence of adverse events within 30 days of surgery · aged 18 years and older undergoing elective surgery at any surgical site
1 finding from 1 review
- Liposomal bupivacaine infiltration at the surgical site for the management of postoperative pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted2 studies · 382 participantsLow