Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

41 questions · 43 findings · 18 reviews

No studies found 8 · 18.6%GRADE not reported 1 · 2.3%Very low 9 · 20.9%Low 18 · 41.9%Moderate 7 · 16.3%High 0 · 0%

Intervention vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Adverse events (number) ‐ interferon‐beta versus no intervention · people with acute hepatitis C infection

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes adverse events (proportion) ‐ interferon‐beta versus no intervention compared with no intervention or control intervention (control) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intervention vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Adverse events (proportion) ‐ interferon‐alpha versus no intervention · people with acute hepatitis C infection

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes adverse events (proportion) ‐ interferon‐alpha versus no intervention compared with no intervention or control intervention (control) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Serious adverse events (number) ‐ pegylated interferon‐alpha plus ribavirin versus pegylated interferon‐alpha · people with acute hepatitis C infection

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes serious adverse events (proportion) ‐ pegylated interferon‐alpha… compared with no intervention or control intervention (control) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Primary surgical intervention (curettage, peripheral osteotomy, or resection) vs Primary non-surgical intervention (intralesional corticosteroids, subcutaneous calcitonin, interferon alpha, or imatinib)

Adverse events · Patients with a pathological diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 24 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with serious adverse events · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

Alemtuzumab 24 mg showed no clear difference in number of participants with serious adverse events compared with interferon beta 1a (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 12 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with serious adverse events · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

Alemtuzumab 12 mg showed no clear difference in number of participants with serious adverse events compared with interferon beta 1a (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 24 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with adverse events leading to study discontinuation · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

It is very uncertain whether alemtuzumab 24 mg changes number of participants experiencing treatment discontinuation caused… compared with interferon beta 1a (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 12 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with adverse events leading to study discontinuation · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

Alemtuzumab 12 mg may leads to lower number of participants experiencing treatment discontinuation caused… compared with interferon beta 1a (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ocrelizumab vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with any adverse events · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

Ocrelizumab showed no clear difference in number of participants with any adverse events compared with interferon beta‐1a (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ocrelizumab vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with any serious adverse events · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

Ocrelizumab showed no clear difference in number of participants with any serious adverse events compared with interferon beta‐1a (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4)assessed as: CTCAE v3.0 compared with interferon‐α (IFN‐α) (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ocrelizumab vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with adverse events leading to study discontinuation · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

Ocrelizumab may leads to lower number of participants experiencing treatment discontinuation caused… compared with interferon beta‐1a (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 12 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Adverse events, including serious adverse events Assessed by: number of participants with ≥ 1 event · adults with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

Alemtuzumab 12 mg showed no clear difference in adverse events, including serious events Assessed by: number of… compared with interferon beta‐1a (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 24 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Adverse events, including serious adverse events Assessed by: number of participants with ≥ 1 event · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

Alemtuzumab 24 mg showed no clear difference in adverse events, including serious adverse events Assessed by: number… compared with interferon beta‐1a (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone

Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer

Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α showed no clear difference in discontinuation of therapy due to adverse events compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review