Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

419 questions · 420 findings · 128 reviews

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No studies found 71 · 16.9%GRADE not reported 69 · 16.4%Very low 96 · 22.9%Low 116 · 27.6%Moderate 63 · 15%High 5 · 1.2%

NSAIDs vs opioid

Gastrointestinal adverse events · acute soft tissue injury

NSAID probably leads to lower gastrointestinal adverse events compared with opioid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.48 [0.36, 0.62]
5 studies · 1151 participants
Moderate

NSAIDs vs combination (paracetamol and opioid) analgesic

Gastrointestinal adverse events · people with acute soft tissue injury, such as ankle sprain

It is very uncertain whether NSAID changes gastrointestinal adverse events compared with combination (paracetamol and opioid) analgesic (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.21 [0.03, 1.74]
3 studies · 141 participants
Very low

NSAIDs vs paracetamol

Gastrointestinal adverse events · people with acute soft tissue injury, such as ankle sprain

NSAID showed no clear difference in gastrointestinal adverse events compared with paracetamol (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.34 [0.97, 1.86]
10 studies · 1504 participants
Low

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs RISPERIDONE

Weight gain · patients with schizophrenia

1 finding from 1 review

Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 640 participants
Moderate

Two miniplates (transbuccal approach) vs One miniplate plus two screws (intraoral approach at external oblique ridge)

Post-operative adverse events and complications (lip numbness; overall) · Adults with fractures of the mandibular angle

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of mandibular fractures 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Angle of mandible only
Siddiqui 2007: 22/36 (61%) single-miniplate vs 14/26 (54%) two-miniplate had one or more complications; subjective lip numbness 15/36 (41.7%) vs 10/26 (38.5%) (P=0.82), objective 16/36 (44.4%) vs 8/26 (31.7%) (P=0.29).…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs QUETIAPINE

Adverse events: Specific ‐ prolactin‐related · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE DEPOT may leads to higher adverse events: Specific ‐ prolactin‐related Reported by… compared with ORAL QUETIAPINE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.07 [1.13, 8.36]
1 study · 666 participants
Low

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ARIPIPRAZOLE

Adverse events: General ‐ serious Unclear how these events were reported · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE DEPOT changes adverse events: General ‐ serious Unclear how these events were… compared with ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.66, 1.39]
2 studies · 729 participants
Very low

Anticholinergic medication vs placebo

Adverse events:urinary retention · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

Anticholinergics may leads to higher adverse events:urinary retention compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral anticholinergic drugs versus placebo or no treatment for managing overactive bladder syndrome in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.52 [2.04, 6.08]
17 studies · 7862 participants
Low

Anticholinergic medication vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

Anticholinergics may leads to higher withdrawal due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral anticholinergic drugs versus placebo or no treatment for managing overactive bladder syndrome in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.37 [1.21, 1.56]
61 studies · 36943 participants
Low

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · women with premenstrual syndrome (most met DSM‐V criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD))

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol may leads to higher withdrawal due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.41 [2.01, 5.78]
4 studies · 776 participants
Low

Once daily dosing vs conventional dosing

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with active mild to moderate ulcerative colitis

Once daily dosing showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse events compared with conventional dosing (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.54, 1.49]
5 studies · 1757 participants
Low

Once daily dosing vs conventional dosing

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily dosing changes withdrawal due to adverse events compared with conventional dosing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.18 [0.74, 1.89]
8 studies · 4340 participants
Very low