Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

10 questions · 10 findings · 4 reviews · Stroke

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 2 · 20%Very low 5 · 50%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 3 · 30%High 0 · 0%

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes adverse events: death (secondary outcome) compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes adverse events: death (secondary outcome) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants vs placebo

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions (antidepressants) changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment Analysis 1.12 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

tDCS vs active control

Dropouts, adverse events and deaths during intervention phase Numbers of dropouts, adverse events and deaths from all causes · people with stroke

tDCS showed no clear difference in secondary outcome measure: dropouts, adverse events and deaths… compared with any type of active control intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

tDCS vs placebo or control

Dropouts, adverse events and deaths during intervention phase Numbers of dropouts, adverse events and deaths from all causes · people with stroke

tDCS showed no clear difference in secondary outcome measure: dropouts, adverse events and deaths… compared with any type of placebo or passive control intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 2.16) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review