Acupuncture vs oral antibiotics plus warm compresses
Adverse effects · people with acute hordeolum
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
196 questions · 221 findings · 67 reviews
No studies found 33 · 14.9%GRADE not reported 86 · 38.9%Very low 53 · 24%Low 25 · 11.3%Moderate 19 · 8.6%High 5 · 2.3%
Psychological therapies (cognitive therapy) vs placebo
Adverse effects · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months)SoF8: No included study reported the occurrence of adverse events.0 studiesNo studies found
Low‐level laser therapy vs placebo
Adverse effects · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months)SoF6: No included study reported the occurrence of adverse events.0 studiesNo studies found
Sulodexide (heparin plus dermatan sulphate chains) vs prednisone
Adverse effects · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
- Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomesSulodexide was without significant adverse events; one significant adverse event (gastritis) was reported for the prednisone group.1 study · 20 participantsGRADE not reported
Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)
Side effects or other adverse events · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions
Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic… showed no clear difference in side effects or other adverse events compared with placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in patients with haemophilia or Von Willebrand disease… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomesUp to 10 days postoperativeRD 0.034 [-0.32, 0.38]2 studies · 59 participantsLow
Topical bleomycin vs placebo or no treatment
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesup to 3 monthsSoF 5, Safety of the intervention up to 3 months: 'All patients in the bleomycin group developed erythema with erosion by the end of the applications, whereas erythema developed in the placebo group. Discomfort was…1 studyGRADE not reported
Systemic beta carotene or carotenoids (incl. lycopene) vs placebo or no treatment
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes5 to 12 monthsSoF 2, Safety of the intervention at 5 to 12 months: 'Systemic beta carotene did not cause any adverse effects in 1 study supplementing 10 mg/d (Nagao), and caused adverse effects of varying severity in 9% of…3 studiesGRADE not reported
Herbal extracts (tea components; Chinese herbal mixture; freeze-dried black raspberry gel) vs placebo or no treatment
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesup to 3 monthsSoF 4, Safety of the intervention up to 3 months: '3 studies measured adverse effects: green tea extract capsules caused high frequency (93%) of adverse effects of varying severity in 1 study; the mixed tea study did…3 studiesGRADE not reported
Vitamin A or retinoids (systemic or topical; incl. 13-cis-retinoic acid, acitretin) vs placebo or no treatment
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes4 to 12 monthsSoF 1, Safety of the intervention at 4 to 12 months: '3 studies (1 each evaluating topical acitretin, topical 13-cis-retinoic acid, 200,000 IU per week of vitamin A) found no adverse effects. Systemic 13-cis-retinoic…4 studiesGRADE not reported
Bowman-Birk inhibitor vs placebo or no treatment
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesup to 6 monthsSoF 6, Safety of the intervention up to 6 months: 'Trial authors reported that there were no significant adverse effects. 33 participants in the intervention group reported 75 adverse effects. 25 participants in the…1 studyGRADE not reported
Chemotherapy (any regimen; added to, or compared with, locoregional treatment) vs Locoregional treatment and/or an alternative chemotherapy regimen
Toxicity / adverse effects (harms) of chemotherapy · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
1 finding from 1 review
- Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: chemotherapy 2021 · Cochrane All outcomesHarms/toxicity were planned but very little quantitative data suitable for analysis were found; toxicity reported narratively and not quantified or GRADE-rated.Studies not reportedGRADE not reported
Systemic interventions (aciclovir, thalidomide, corticosteroids, rebamipide, etanercept, colchicine, interferon-alpha) vs placebo
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
1 finding from 1 review
- SoF 2 (systemic interventions vs placebo), grouped comment spanning all four listed outcomes (verbatim; the review's wording "topical" is a typo for systemic): "8 placebo-controlled trials evaluated topical…Studies not reportedGRADE not reported
Cyclosporin (systemic; 10 mg/kg/day for 16 weeks) vs Colchicine (systemic; 1 mg daily)
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
1 finding from 1 review
- Masuda 1989: multiple adverse events in the cyclosporin arm; 3 patients withdrew and 9 had a dose reduction as a result.1 study · 92 participantsGRADE not reported
Cyclosporin A in orabase (topical) vs Placebo (orabase)
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
1 finding from 1 review
- Ergun 1997: no adverse effects were seen.1 study · 24 participantsGRADE not reported
Topical interventions (sucralfate, interferon-alpha, cyclosporin A) vs placebo
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
1 finding from 1 review
- SoF (topical interventions vs placebo), grouped comment spanning all four listed outcomes (verbatim): "5 placebo-controlled trials evaluated topical interventions (sucralfate suspension (2 trials), interferon-alpha (2…Studies not reportedGRADE not reported
Thalidomide (systemic; 100 mg or 300 mg daily) vs placebo
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
1 finding from 1 review
- Hamuryudan 1998: significant adverse effects including severe sedation, polyneuropathy, loss of libido, and weight gain; a greater number of adverse events was seen for the higher (300 mg) dose; 4 patients withdrew due…1 study · 101 participantsGRADE not reported
Interferon-alpha (systemic) vs Placebo (subcutaneous)
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
1 finding from 1 review
- Alpsoy 2002: high rate of adverse events including alopecia, leukopenia, and diarrhoea; 18 of 23 patients in the treatment arm experienced mild flu-like symptoms.1 study · 50 participantsGRADE not reported
Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs Placebo mouthwash
Adverse effects requiring withdrawal/discontinuation of study medication · People on continuous VKA treatment undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions (eligibility included DOACs and all ages; all four…
Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA)… showed no clear difference in side effects or other adverse events requiring withdrawal compared with placebo (placebo solution/mouthwash) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in people on anticoagulants undergoing minor oral surgery or… 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes7 daysRD 0.00 [-0.04, 0.04]2 studies · 128 participantsModerate
Sodium bicarbonate rinse (plus toothbrushing) vs Water rinse (plus toothbrushing)
Adverse effects · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator‐associated pneumonia 2020 · Cochrane All outcomesAdverse effects (Berry 2011, CHX versus sodium bicarbonate versus water): no adverse events were reported associated with the interventions.1 studyGRADE not reported
Povidone iodine rinse vs Saline rinse or placebo
Adverse effects · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator‐associated pneumonia 2020 · Cochrane All outcomesAdverse effects (Seguin 2014): no evidence of a difference in acute respiratory distress syndrome (RR 11.00, 95% CI 0.62 to 195.61), agitation and/or hypertension (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.12 to 1.86), epistaxis (RR 0.14, 95%…1 studyGRADE not reported