Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

127 questions · 127 findings · 52 reviews

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No studies found 65 · 51.2%GRADE not reported 26 · 20.5%Very low 20 · 15.7%Low 14 · 11%Moderate 2 · 1.6%High 0 · 0%

Condiments/seasonings fortified with iron plus other micronutrients vs condiments/seasonings fortified with other micronutrients except iron

Adverse effects · population aged 2 years and above (Andersson 2008 ‐ 5‐18 years, Asibey‐Berko 2007 ~ 3 years, Chen Ke 2008 ‐ 2‐6 years, Haas 2014 ‐ women…

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Condiments/seasonings fortified with iron vs unfortified condiments/seasonings

Adverse effects · population aged 2 years and above (Ballot 1989a (C) ‐ > 10 years, Chen 2005 (C) ‐ >3 years; Huo 2002 ‐ 11‐17 years, Longfils 2008‐ 6‐21…

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

CBT interventions (CBT with and without exercise) vs control (standard care or sham treatments)

Adverse effects · older adults (mean age minus 1 standard deviation is more than 60 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) with and without exercise to reduce fear of falling in older people living in the… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin C vs placebo

Adverse effects · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C supplementation for prevention and treatment of pneumonia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

Adverse effects · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Adverse effects · children (aged 4 months to 16 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 286 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Adverse effects · adults (aged 18 years and over) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 80 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs usual care

Adverse effects · children (aged 1 to 18 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 425 participants
Low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs usual care

Adverse effects · adults (aged 16 years and over) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 141 participants
Very low

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Adverse effects · children aged 3 to 17 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Voiding education with uroflow feedback and urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 133 participants
GRADE not reported

Timer watch plus standard urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 14 years with overactive bladder and at least one episode of daytime urinary incontinence per week

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 15 years with dysfunctional elimination syndrome, 41/59 with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pelvic floor muscle training vs anticholinergics

Adverse effects · children aged 5‐14 years with daytime urinary incontinence or post‐micturition dribbling

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 47 participants
Very low

TENS vs anticholinergics

Adverse effects · children aged 4 to 17 years with daytime urinary incontinence

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 61 participants
Very low

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Adverse effects · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 64 participants
GRADE not reported

TENS vs sham TENS

Adverse effects · children aged 3 to 18 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Resin-based fissure sealant (2nd/3rd/4th generation) vs No sealant (control/no treatment)

Adverse effects · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in permanent teeth 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
Two trials measured adverse effects. None were reported.
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Glass ionomer-based sealant vs No sealant (control/no treatment)

Adverse effects · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in permanent teeth 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
Adverse effects not measured.
Studies not reported
No studies found