Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

780 questions · 834 findings · 76 reviews

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No studies found 187 · 22.4%GRADE not reported 164 · 19.7%Very low 144 · 17.3%Low 172 · 20.6%Moderate 105 · 12.6%High 62 · 7.4%

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Stuntingc · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame: 3 months · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.16 [1, 1.35]
6 studies · 554 participants
Low

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Hypercalcaemia · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalcaemia As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.39 [0.89, 2.18]
5 studies · 986 participants
Low

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Adverse effect: hyperphosphataemiac · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Adverse effect: kidney stonesb · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Linear growth (length/height) Unit: cm Time frame: 3 months · children under 5 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 283 participants
Very low

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Mean height‐for‐age z‐score · children under 5 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 105 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Bleeding complications: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in bleeding complications: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 7 [0.38, 129.11]
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Necrotizing enterocolitis: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in necrotizing enterocolitis: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.16, 7.1]
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Sepsis: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in sepsis: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.28, 3.58]
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Sepsis diagnosed after randomisation: range 28 d to 60 d · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in sepsis: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.26, 2.86]
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [0.56, 3.14]
1 study · 67 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in mortality (all infants): 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.82 [0.84, 9.46]
1 study · 64 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Bleeding complications: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in bleeding complications: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.81 [0.2, 3.27]
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2 [0.19, 20.72]
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade II: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.72 [0.13, 3.96]
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.52 [0.37, 6.23]
1 study · 60 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 5: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.07 [0.41, 10.43]
1 study · 57 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 25: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 25: 0.2 mg IV versus 0.2 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.07, 16.36]
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Intramuscular vitamin K vs intravenous vitamin K

Presence of PIVKA II at day 25 ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM · preterm infants

Intramuscular vitamin K showed no clear difference in presence of PIVKA II at day 25 ‐ 0.2 mg IV versus 0.5 mg IM compared with intravenous vitamin K (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.04 [0.07, 15.74]
1 study · 51 participants
Low