Rectal cancer · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Rectal cancer: OR 0.50 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.88), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical response at end of study (4 weeks) · people with inflammatory bowel disease
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D (all doses) changes clinical response at end of study (4 weeks) compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical relapse · people with inflammatory bowel disease
Vitamin D (all doses) may leads to lower clinical relapse at end of study (26–52) weeks compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life at end of study (26 weeks) · people with inflammatory bowel disease
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with inflammatory bowel disease
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D (all doses) changes withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total hip BMD · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Vertebral fracture · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Non‐vertebral fractures · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Acceptability: total withdrawals · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
Calcium and vitamin D showed no clear difference in withdrawals from the study for any reason compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events · premenopausal women (ages 18–36 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Incidence of dementia ‐ not measured · MCI
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cognitive function · MCI
1 finding from 1 review
Episodic memory ‐ not measured · MCI
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Executive function ‐ not measured · MCI
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Speed of processing ‐ not measured · MCI
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life ‐ not measured · MCI
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mortality ‐ not reported · MCI
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Colorectal cancer · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 1,25(OH)2D) for Colorectal cancer: OR 1.01 (95% CI 0.59 to 1.73), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.01 [0.59, 1.73]
4 studies
GRADE not reported