What do systematic reviews say?

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

Systemic TXA probably leads to lower blood transfusion compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (moderate certainty).

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.45 [0.27, 0.76]
  9 studies · 1353 participants
  Moderate

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

Systemic TXA showed no clear difference in stone‐free rate compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (low certainty).

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.11 [0.98, 1.27]
  4 studies · 603 participants
  Low

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  0
  6 studies · 841 participants
  Moderate

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

Systemic TXA showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (low certainty).

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5.22 [0.52, 52.72]
  4 studies · 602 participants
  Low

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

Systemic TXA showed no clear difference in secondary interventions compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (low certainty).

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [0.84, 1.57]
  2 studies · 319 participants
  Low

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

Systemic TXA probably leads to lower major surgical complications compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (moderate certainty).

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.36 [0.21, 0.62]
  5 studies · 733 participants
  Moderate

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

Systemic TXA showed no clear difference in minor surgical complications compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (low certainty).

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.45, 1.1]
  5 studies · 733 participants
  Low

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

It is very uncertain whether systemic TXA changes unplanned hospitalizations or readmissions compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (very low certainty).

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.55 [0.45, 5.31]
  1 study · 189 participants
  Very low

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

• Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 1151 participants
  Low