What do systematic reviews say?

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 33 participants
  Very low

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 33 participants
  Very low

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 153 participants
  Low

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 149 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1073 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 1074 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 1121 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 960 participants
  Moderate

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions showed no clear difference in substance use ‐ post‐interventiong compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (low certainty).

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.57 [0.72, 3.45]
  1 study · 189 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 67 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions changes parent–child relationship ‐ post‐interventionm compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (very low certainty).

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.67 [0.6, 36.29]
  1 study · 26 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 66 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 247 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 507 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment

• Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 70 participants
  Very low