Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

17 questions · 24 findings · 2 reviews · Back and Neck

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 4.2%Very low 3 · 12.5%Low 13 · 54.2%Moderate 3 · 12.5%High 4 · 16.7%

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Recovery at one month · patients with chronic LBP

It is very uncertain whether spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention changes recovery at one month compared with the intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.4 [1.12, 10.28]
1 study · 32 participants
Very low

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Recovery at one week · Patients with acute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention changes recovery at one week compared with the intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.32, 2.47]
2 studies · 196 participants
Very low

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Pain at 3 to 6 months Scale from: 0 (no pain) to 10 (worse pain) · Patients with acute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 102 participants
Low
Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 104 participants
Low

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Functional status at one week Oswestry Disability Index. Scale from: 0 (no dysfunction) to 100 (worse function). · Patients with acute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 225 participants
Low

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with chronic LBP

3 findings from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 228 participants
Low
Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1016 participants
High
Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1000 participants
High

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Functional ability · patients with chronic LBP

2 findings from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 156 participants
Low
Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 994 participants
High

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Disability (Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire) Scale from: 0 to 23; 0 is no disability. · patients with chronic LBP

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1078 participants
High

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Functional status at 3 to 6 months Oswestry Disability Index. Scale from: 0 (no dysfunction) to 100 (worse function) · Patients with acute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 225 participants
Low

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Recovery at 3 to 6 months · Patients with acute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention changes recovery at 3 to 6 months compared with the intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.51, 1.1]
2 studies · 195 participants
Very low

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Serious adverse events · Patients with acute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2 participants
GRADE not reported

Spinal manipulative therapy vs other interventions

Overall Pain ‐ 1 to 2 weeks (adequate allocation concealment, and blinding) visual analogue scale; 1 to 9 points (higher indicates worse pain) · Patients with acute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 383 participants
Low

Spinal manipulative therapy vs inert interventions

Pain at 3 to 6 months Scale from: 0 (no pain) to 10 (worse pain) · Patients with acute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 311 participants
Low
Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 178 participants
Low

Spinal manipulative therapy vs inert interventions

Disability (Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire) Scale from: 0 to 23; 0 is no disability. · Patients with acute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 205 participants
Moderate
Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 178 participants
Low

Spinal manipulative therapy vs inert interventions

Recovery at one week · Patients with acute low‐back pain

Spinal manipulative therapy showed no clear difference in recovery at one week compared with inert interventions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.5, 1.85]
2 studies · 263 participants
Low

Spinal manipulative therapy vs other interventions

Reduction in pain intensity · Patients with acute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 606 participants
Moderate

Spinal manipulative therapy vs other interventions

Disability (Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire) Scale from: 0 to 23; 0 is no disability. · Patients with acute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 241 participants
Low
Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 681 participants
Moderate

Spinal manipulative therapy vs other interventions

Recovery at one month · Patients with acute low‐back pain

Spinal manipulative therapy showed no clear difference in recovery at one month compared with other interventions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low‐back pain 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06 [0.94, 1.21]
2 studies · 117 participants
Low