Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

254 questions · 276 findings · 23 reviews

No studies found 62 · 22.5%GRADE not reported 88 · 31.9%Very low 43 · 15.6%Low 43 · 15.6%Moderate 36 · 13%High 4 · 1.4%

Radiotherapy combined with anti‐VEGF vs anti‐VEGF alone

Progression to visual loss (loss of 3 or more lines on logMAR chart) · people with neovascular AMD

Radiotherapy combined with anti‐VEGF probably leads to higher loss of 3 or more lines of best‐corrected visual acuity Measured… compared with anti‐VEGF alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Radiotherapy combined with anti‐VEGF vs anti‐VEGF alone

Change in visual acuity (logMAR) ‐ 12 months (negative is better) · people with neovascular AMD

Radiotherapy combined with anti‐VEGF showed no clear difference in change in best corrected visual acuity (logMAR units) Measured using… compared with anti‐VEGF alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery +/- radiotherapy + (adjuvant) chemotherapy vs Surgery +/- radiotherapy alone (observation or adjuvant radiotherapy only)

Overall survival, post-surgery chemotherapy vs surgery alone (no radiotherapy) · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer

Surgery +/- radiotherapy + (adjuvant) chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival, adjuvant chemotherapy vs observation alone… compared with surgery +/- radiotherapy alone (observation or adjuvant radiotherapy… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) vs surgery

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with surgery alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) vs surgery

Locoregional control · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) showed no clear difference in locoregional control compared with surgery alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Overall survival · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes overall survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Adverse events · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Adverse events (moderate) · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events (moderate) compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Adverse events (severe) · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events (severe) compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT

Overall survival · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT

Adverse events (moderate) · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events (moderate) compared with stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT

Progression‐free survival · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review