Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

10 questions · 11 findings · 6 reviews

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No studies found 2 · 18.2%GRADE not reported 2 · 18.2%Very low 2 · 18.2%Low 4 · 36.4%Moderate 1 · 9.1%High 0 · 0%

Probiotics vs control

Adverse Events: complete case · preventing C. difficile associated diarrhea

It is very uncertain whether probiotics changes adverse Events: complete case compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile‐associated diarrhea in adults and children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.71, 0.97]
32 studies · 8305 participants
Very low

Probiotics vs placebo

Adverse events · adult patients after liver transplantation.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for solid organ transplant recipients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Probiotics vs placebo

Adverse events · participants with cancer treated with chemotherapy

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 106 participants
Low

Probiotics vs other active intervention

Adverse events · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 211 participants
Very low

Probiotics vs placebo

Adverse events · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

2 findings from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 205 participants
Moderate
Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 902 participants
Low

Probiotics vs placebo

Serious adverse events · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD)

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Probiotics vs placebo

Serious adverse events · adult patients after liver transplantation.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for solid organ transplant recipients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Probiotics vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD)

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Probiotics vs placebo

Number of women with adverse events · postpartum breastfeeding women

Probiotics may leads to lower number of women with adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing mastitis after childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 108 participants
Low

Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs vs conventional antifungal drugs

Rate of serious adverse events · non‐pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis

Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs showed no clear difference in rate of serious adverse events compared with conventional antifungal drugs (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.22, 2.94]
2 studies · 440 participants
Low