What do systematic reviews say?

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen replacement therapy changes rate of appearance of a new malignancy compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.32, 2.01]
  1 study · 1236 participants
  Very low

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

• Non‐contraceptive oestrogen‐containing preparations for controlling symptoms of premenstrual syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 158 participants
  Very low

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) changes withdrawal due to adverse events over 2 to 4 menstrual cycles1 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Non‐contraceptive oestrogen‐containing preparations for controlling symptoms of premenstrual syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.64 [0.26, 1.58]
  3 studies · 196 participants
  Very low

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) changes specific adverse events over 2 to 4 menstrual cycles1 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Non‐contraceptive oestrogen‐containing preparations for controlling symptoms of premenstrual syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  206 participants
  Very low

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens vs gonadotropins alone

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (low certainty).

• Agents for ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in ovulatory women with infertility 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 3.03 [0.12, 75.06]
  1 study · 230 participants
  Low

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens vs gonadotropins alone

It is very uncertain whether gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens changes clinical pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (very low certainty).

• Agents for ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in ovulatory women with infertility 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.99 [0.81, 4.9]
  2 studies · 328 participants
  Very low

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens vs gonadotropins alone

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens showed no clear difference in OHSS rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (low certainty).

• Agents for ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in ovulatory women with infertility 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.5 [0.04, 5.54]
  1 study · 230 participants
  Low

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) probably leads to higher venous thromboembolism (DVT or PE) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Long‐term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.22 [1.12, 4.39]
  1 study · 10739 participants
  Moderate

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) showed no clear difference in venous thromboembolism (DVT or PE): CEE 0.625 mg (moderate dose) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Long‐term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.32 [1, 1.74]
  1 study · 10739 participants
  Moderate

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) showed no clear difference in breast cancer compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Long‐term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.61, 1.01]
  1 study · 10739 participants
  Moderate

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) probably leads to higher gallbladder disease compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Long‐term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.78 [1.42, 2.24]
  1 study · 8376 participants
  Moderate

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) probably leads to lower all clinical fractures compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Long‐term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.73 [0.65, 0.8]
  1 study · 10739 participants
  Moderate

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) showed no clear difference in coronary events (MI or cardiac death) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Long‐term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.94 [0.78, 1.13]
  1 study · 10739 participants
  Moderate

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) probably leads to higher stroke compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Long‐term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.33 [1.06, 1.67]
  1 study · 10739 participants
  Moderate