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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

242 questions · 251 findings · 27 reviews

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No studies found 44 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 3 · 1.2%Very low 69 · 27.5%Low 70 · 27.9%Moderate 52 · 20.7%High 13 · 5.2%

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

Birth preferences: prefer caesarean section · women with fear of childbirth (tocophobia)

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) showed no clear difference in birth preferences: prefer caesarean section compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

Epidural analgesia during labour · women with fear of childbirth (tocophobia)

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) showed no clear difference in epidural analgesia during labour compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use vs usual care

HIV incidence (observational studies) · low and high‐risk populations

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use showed no clear difference in HIV incidence (person/years) compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use vs usual care

HIV prevalence · low and high‐risk populations

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use showed no clear difference in HIV prevalence compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use vs usual care

Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV‐2) incidence (person/years) · low and high‐risk populations

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use showed no clear difference in herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV‐2) incidence (person/years) compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use vs usual care

HSV‐2 prevalence · low and high‐risk populations

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use showed no clear difference in HSV‐2 prevalence compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use vs usual care

Two or more sexual partners in last year · low and high‐risk populations

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use showed no clear difference in two or more sexual partners in last year compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use vs usual care

Use of birth control methods (condom use at last sex) · low and high‐risk populations

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use probably leads to higher use of condom during last sexual intercourse compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use vs usual care

Knowledge: condom can prevent STIs · low and high‐risk populations

Structural and community‐level interventions for increasing condom use probably leads to higher knowledge: condom can prevent STIs compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for involving patients in decision‐making about their health care vs attention control

Health status (a) Patient‐reported high self‐rated health at 6 months after baseline CDC Healthy Days Measure (CDC 2000): dichotomised as low (1 to 3) and high (4 to 5) · older patients with multi‐morbidity
1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for involving patients in decision‐making about their health care vs attention control

Resource use and cost Number of general practice visits in the 6 months following baseline (patient self‐report via questionnaire) · older patients with multi‐morbidity
1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for involving patients in decision‐making about their health care vs attention control

Adverse event** Less patient involvement as a result of the intervention Not measured · older patients with multi‐morbidity

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: Interventions for multiple repetition of SH/probable personality disorder vs treatment

Repetition of SH at 12 months · adults who engage in SH

Comparison 2: Interventions for multiple repetition of SH/probable… showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at 12 months' compared with treatment (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review