Excessive weight gain · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions leads to lower excessive weight gain compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mean GWG (kg) · pregnant women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Low weight gain · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions probably leads to higher low weight gain compared with standard/other care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in preterm birth compared with standard/other care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pre‐eclampsia · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in pre‐eclampsia compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in caesarean delivery compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Macrosomia Infant birthweight > 4000 g · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in macrosomia Infant birthweight > 4000 g compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participantswith at least one recurrent adenoma · people with a history of colorectal adenomas
Dietary fibre (all study interventions) showed no clear difference in number of participantswith at least one recurrent adenoma compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participantswith more than one adenoma · people with a history of colorectal adenomas
Dietary fibre (all study interventions) showed no clear difference in number of participantswith more than one adenoma compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participantswith at least one adenoma 1 cm or greater · people with a history of colorectal adenomas
Dietary fibre (all study interventions) showed no clear difference in number of participantswith at least one adenoma 1 cm or greater compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participantsdiagnosed with colorectal cancer · people with a history of colorectal adenomas
Dietary fibre (all study interventions) may leads to higher number of participantsdiagnosed with colorectal cancer compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
GDM · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in GDM compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Large‐for‐gestational age · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality or morbidity composite · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal hypoglycaemia · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in neonatal hypoglycaemia compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Z score BMI · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in childhood adiposity (latest time reported) (BMI z score) compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Type 2 diabetes mellitus · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
2 findings from 1 review
Neurosensory disability · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
1 finding from 1 review
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: pre‐eclampsia · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia) compared with standard care (mother) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pregnancy‐induced hypertension) · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
It is very uncertain whether combined diet and exercise interventions changes hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pregnancy‐induced… compared with standard care (mother) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review