Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,024 questions · 3,338 findings · 330 reviews

No studies found 735 · 22%GRADE not reported 282 · 8.4%Very low 962 · 28.8%Low 870 · 26.1%Moderate 384 · 11.5%High 105 · 3.1%

Patient education vs comparisons to improve professional performance

Adherence to recommended clinical practice (0‐3 months · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease

Patient education interventions probably leads to higher adherence to recommended clinical practice (0‐3 months compared with comparisons to improve professional performance (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Patient education vs comparisons to improve professional performance

Desirable patient health outcomes (0‐3 months · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease

Patient education interventions showed no clear difference in desirable patient health outcomes (0‐3 months compared with comparisons to improve professional performance (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tobacco cessation interventions vs placebo or usual care

Tobacco abstinence after counselling (counselling) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency

Tobacco cessation interventions showed no clear difference in tobacco abstinence after counselling (counselling) compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tobacco cessation interventions vs placebo or usual care

Tobacco abstinence after pharmacotherapy (pharmacotherapy) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency

Tobacco cessation interventions may leads to higher tobacco abstinence after pharmacotherapy (pharmacotherapy) compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tobacco cessation interventions vs placebo or usual care

Tobacco abstinence after combined counselling and pharmacotherapy (combined) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency

Tobacco cessation interventions may leads to higher tobacco abstinence after combined counselling and pharmacotherapy… compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention: structured telephone call (verbal follow‐up and reassurance) vs placebo or no intervention

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Plaque · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and… showed no clear difference in plaque indices (permanent and deciduous teeth) compared with no intervention or delayed intervention (non-intervention control;… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • SoF (Plaque indices, follow-up 3 to 15 months): 'All 3 RCTs showed a reduction in plaque in the intervention group compared to control group'; 827 participants (3 RCTs); GRADE low; comment 'Data not suitable for…
    3 studies · 827 participants
    Low

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Change in oral health knowledge and skills · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school
1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Changes in dental attendance · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school
1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Behavioural outcomes (reported and/or other measures, e.g. data tracking toothbrushes and collecting food wrappers) · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Frequency of cariogenic food and drink consumption · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school
1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Frequency of toothbrushing · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school
1 finding from 1 review