Sucking cessation (long term) · Children with a non-nutritive sucking habit (digit or pacifier)
1 finding from 1 review
Larsson 1972, comparing positive reinforcement with negative reinforcement, also provided long-term data. Again, no statistically significant between-group differences were shown (Analysis 6.2).
1 study
GRADE not reported
New smoking at · Children or adolescents at risk for smoking uptake
Family and school intervention probably leads to lower new smoking at compared with school intervention (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Knowledge: kidney disease‐related knowledge · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
Self‐care behaviour · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
60 participants
Low
Self‐efficacy · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
QoL · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
Death · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
eGFR · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of hospital stayTime frame: days · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
Cognitive and neurobehavioural outcomes · children (aged 0–4 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · children (aged 0–4 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Blood lead levels (continuous)Blood lead level at end of duration Scale: 0–30 · children (aged 0–4 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Household dust: floor dust lead levels · children (aged 0–4 years)
1 finding from 1 review
HF readmissions · adults with heart failure
Clinic‐based intervention showed no clear difference in HF readmissions compared with usual care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient readmissions · adults with heart failure
Clinic‐based intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause readmissions compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · adults with heart failure
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life · adults with heart failure
1 finding from 1 review
Costs and cost‐effectiveness · adults with heart failure
1 finding from 1 review
HF mortality · adults with heart failure
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
All‐cause mortality · adults with heart failure
Clinic‐based intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review