Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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1,793 questions · 1,866 findings · 339 reviews

No studies found 245 · 13.1%GRADE not reported 142 · 7.6%Very low 612 · 32.8%Low 513 · 27.5%Moderate 305 · 16.3%High 49 · 2.6%

Summary of findings table ‐ Contact immunotherapy (diphencyprone or squaric acid dibutil ester) vs hair growth stimulants (minoxidil)

Short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of · adults with alopecia areata

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Contact immunotherapy (diphencyprone or… changes short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of compared with hair growth stimulants (minoxidil) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Contact immunotherapy (diphencyprone) + hair growth stimulants (minoxidil) vs contact immunotherapy (diphencyprone)

Short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of · adults with alopecia areata

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Contact immunotherapy (diphencyprone) +… changes short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of compared with contact immunotherapy (diphencyprone) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Minoxidil vs placebo

Short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of · adults with alopecia areata

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Topical hair growth stimulants (minoxidil) changes short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Other therapies (cryotherapy) vs other therapies (fractional CO2 laser)

Short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of · adults with alopecia areata

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Other therapies (cryotherapy) changes short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% compared with other therapies (fractional CO2 laser) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral classical immunosuppressants (betamethasone) vs oral classical immunosuppressants (azathioprine, methotrexate, prednisolone)

Short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of · adults with alopecia areata

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral classical immunosuppressants… showed no clear difference in short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of compared with oral classical immunosuppressants (azathioprine, methotrexate,… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intralesional classical immunosuppresants (betamethasone or triamcinolone) vs placebo

Short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of · adults with alopecia areata

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Intralesional classical… changes short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intranasal steroid spray vs no treatment

Presence/persistence of OME · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME)

It is very uncertain whether topical (intranasal) steroids changes presence/persistence of OME (short‐term); assumed ICC = 0.5 compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Naldemedine vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Naloxone + oxycodone prolonged release tablets vs oxycodone

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people with cancer irrespective of whether they were receiving palliative care opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Methylnaltrexone vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone may leads to higher laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with higher dose (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin vs placebo

Participant‐reported improvement in sialorrhea in the short term · sialorrhea (excessive saliva) in people with motor neuron disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Botulinum toxin injection showed no clear difference in participant‐reported improvement in sialorrhea in the short term… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review