Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

75 questions · 87 findings · 8 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 30 · 34.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 22 · 25.3%Low 29 · 33.3%Moderate 6 · 6.9%High 0 · 0%

IA morphine vs IM morphine

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients undergoing knee arthroscopy
3 findings from 1 review

Morphine vs diamorphine

Neurodevelopmental outcomes · neonates with mechanical ventilation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

3 findings from 1 review

Morphine vs placebo

Any pain‐related outcome (moderate pain improvement) · adults with neuropathic pain

It is very uncertain whether morphine changes any pain‐related outcome (moderate pain improvement) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Morphine vs placebo

Withdrawal (all‐cause) · adults with neuropathic pain

It is very uncertain whether morphine changes all‐cause withdrawal compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Morphine vs placebo

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients undergoing knee arthroscopy
3 findings from 1 review

Morphine vs NSAIDs

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients undergoing knee arthroscopy
3 findings from 1 review