Hypnosis combined with a sedative agent vs Sedation alone (sedative agent only)
Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents up to 16 years of age undergoing dental treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
CBT plus hypnosis (combined package) led to lower pain intensity compared with usual care; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · Adults over 18 years of age with chronic orofacial pain (temporomandibular disorder (TMD))
Hypnosis led to lower pain intensity (short term) compared with relaxation; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Depression (short term) · Adults over 18 years of age with chronic orofacial pain (temporomandibular disorder (TMD))
Hypnosis led to lower depression (short term) compared with relaxation; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Anxiety · Adults over 18 years of age with chronic orofacial pain (temporomandibular disorder (TMD))
Hypnosis showed no clear difference in anxiety (short term) compared with relaxation; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
Hypnosis showed no clear difference in pain intensity compared with relaxation; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Not pooled (clinical heterogeneity). Abrahamsen 2011: MD -1.00 (95% CI -2.27 to 0.27), n=38 (hypnosis 19, relaxation 19); Stam 1984: MD not reported, n=27 (hypnosis 12, relaxation 15).
2 studies · 65 participants
GRADE not reported
Completion of treatment · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Anxiety control and overall response to treatment during tooth extraction · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
Hypnosis did not provide sufficient anxiety control during tooth extraction, and overall response to treatment remained statistically lower than response to inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen (i.e. the…
1 study · 10 participants
GRADE not reported
Completion of treatment · Children and adolescents (0 to 16 years) needing dental treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Physiological measures during local anaesthesia (pulse rate and oxygen saturation) · Children aged 4 to 13 years with no previous dental experience undergoing restorative treatment with local anaesthesia (Gokli 1994)
1 finding from 1 review
With regard to oxygen saturation and pulse rate, only pulse rate was significantly lower in the hypnosis group (P = 0.005); oxygen saturation did not differ significantly. (Gokli 1994; cross-over, 29 children.)
1 study · 29 participants
GRADE not reported
Patient preference / acceptance of treatment · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
Total treatment time · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
No significant difference in total treatment time between inhalation sedation and hypnorelaxation; hypnorelaxation demanded little additional time to complete care. (Braithwaite 2005.)
1 study · 10 participants
GRADE not reported
Difference in post-operative anxiety between test and control groups · Children and adolescents (0 to 16 years) needing dental treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
Measures of behaviour during local anaesthesia administration (undesirable behaviours: crying, hand movement, physical resistance, leg movement) · Children aged 4 to 13 years with no previous dental experience undergoing restorative treatment with local anaesthesia (Gokli 1994)
1 finding from 1 review
Patients who were hypnotised demonstrated fewer undesirable behaviours (crying, hand movement, physical resistance and leg movement) than those who did not undergo hypnosis. Decreased crying with hypnosis was the only…
1 study · 29 participants
GRADE not reported
Measures of behaviour / negative responses during local anaesthesia administration · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
Hypnosis can control some of the patient's negative responses to dental treatment, such as movement and behaviour, during administration of local anaesthesia. (Braithwaite 2005; single-blind cross-over, 10 patients…
1 study · 10 participants
GRADE not reported
Orthodontic appliance (headgear) wearing time and patient co-operation · Children (mean age approximately 10 years) with skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with cervical…
1 finding from 1 review
A statistically significant decrease (P < 0.05) in headgear wear was observed in the control (verbal motivation) group from the first to the sixth month; the difference in the hypnosis group was not significant,…
1 study · 30 participants
GRADE not reported