Grape seed extract (GSE) and its proanthocyanidin fractions vs Untreated or vehicle control (some studies vs positive antimicrobial controls, e.g. chlorhexidine/fluoride)
Biofilm morphological changes · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)
Grape seed extract alters S. mutans biofilm morphology (2 studies; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
- Effect of flavonoids from grape seed and cranberry extracts on the microbiological activity of Streptococcus mutans: a… 2024 All outcomesin vitro (laboratory)GSE decreased microcolony number and biofilm thickness at 2000 ug/mL (Furiga) and significantly altered bacterial cell structure with 50 ug/2 mL GSE candy (Nowaczyk).2 studiesGRADE not reported