Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

5 questions · 7 findings · 2 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 14.3%Very low 6 · 85.7%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Fluoride mouthwash vs Blank control

Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Short-term fluoride mouthwash reduced Mutans streptococci, but certainty is very low.

2 findings from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
Colony count of MS was significantly reduced compared to baseline according to two studies [33; 34].
2 studies
Very low
The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≥ 12 months
Colony count of MS was similar to blank control according to two studies [37; 59].
2 studies
Very low

Fluoride mouthwash vs Blank control

Plaque · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Long-term fluoride mouthwash showed mixed plaque-index effects, with very low-certainty evidence.

2 findings from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≥ 12 months
PI was similar to blank control [37]; API was slightly reduced compared to blank control and significant at 6 and 9 months [59].
2 studies
Very low
The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
TI was significantly reduced compared to baseline [34]; PI was significantly reduced compared to baseline but similar to blank control [46].
2 studies
Very low

Mouthwash (amine/stannous fluoride; or chlorhexidine + cetylpyridinium + zinc) vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash or tap water

OLT and VSC scores · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
7 days
Wigger-Alberti 2010 mouthwash data (ASF; CHX + CPC + Zn; CHX; tap water) were calculated from a graph (Additional Table 1) but not included, as the report did not give details of sample size per group.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Fluoride mouthwash vs Blank control

Gingival inflammation-related index · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)

Short-term fluoride mouthwash has uncertain effects on gingival inflammation-related indexes versus blank control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
<=3 months (short-term) · Orthodontic patients undergoing orthodontic treatment (randomized controlled trials; multiple countries)
MGI' and BI' was significantly reduced compared to baseline [34]. BOP and GI was slightly lower compared to blank control [46].
2 studies
Very low

Fluoride mouthwash vs Blank control

Cariogenic bacteria (Lactobacilli colony count) · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)

Long-term (>=12 months) fluoride mouthwash may make little or no difference to Lactobacilli colony counts versus blank control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
>=12 months (long-term) · Orthodontic patients undergoing orthodontic treatment (randomized controlled trials; multiple countries)
Colony count of LB was similar to blank control according to two studies [37, 59].
2 studies
Very low