Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

60 questions · 60 findings · 5 reviews

No studies found 16 · 26.7%GRADE not reported 8 · 13.3%Very low 8 · 13.3%Low 8 · 13.3%Moderate 16 · 26.7%High 4 · 6.7%

Inhaled tobramycin (TNS) plus oral azithromycin vs TNS plus oral placebo

Number experiencing adverse effects · children with cystic fibrosis and a new culture positive for P aeruginosa

Inhaled tobramycin (TNS) plus oral azithromycin showed no clear difference in adverse effects of antibiotics: number of participants experiencing… compared with TNS plus oral placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality at day 28 · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all studies contributing results to the summary of findings table included people…

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at day 28 compared with placebo or standard of care alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Resolution of symptoms · all trials contributing results to the summary of findings table included people with mild disease (WHO scale 1 to 3)§

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in all initial symptoms resolved (asymptomatic) at day 14 compared with placebo or standard of care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Clinical worsening: need for invasive mechanical ventilation, or death at up to day 28 · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all studies contributing results to the summary of findings table included people…

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in worsening of clinical status: participants with clinical… compared with placebo or standard of care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Clinical improvement: discharged alive ( · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all studies contributing results to the summary of findings table included people…

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in improvement of clinical status: participants discharged alive at day… compared with placebo or standard of care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Serious adverse events during the study period · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all studies contributing results to the summary of findings table included people…

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events during the study period compared with placebo or standard of care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Adverse events during treatment period · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all studies contributing results to the summary of findings table included people…

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in any adverse events during the study period compared with placebo or standard of care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Arrhythmias · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all studies contributing results to the summary of findings table included people…

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in cardiac arrhythmias during the study period compared with placebo or standard of care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality at day 28 · all trials contributing results to the summary of findings table included people with mild disease (WHO scale 1 to 3)§

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at day 28 compared with placebo or standard of care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Admission to hospital or death within 28 days · all trials contributing results to the summary of findings table included people with mild disease (WHO scale 1 to 3)§

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in admission to hospital or death within 28 days compared with placebo or standard of care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review