Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 2 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 28.6%Low 1 · 14.3%Moderate 2 · 28.6%High 2 · 28.6%

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

All cause mortality · patients with afebrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy

Summary of findings: antibiotics leads to lower all cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66
46 studies · 5635 participants
High

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Febrile patients and episodes · patients with afebrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy

Summary of findings: antibiotics probably leads to lower febrile patients and episodes compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8
54 studies · 6658 participants
Moderate

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Bacteraemia · patients with afebrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy

Summary of findings: antibiotics leads to lower bacteraemia compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5
53 studies · 6390 participants
High

Adverse events with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics vs placebo

Overall mortality · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

Mortality with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics showed no clear difference in overall mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Empirical antibiotics targeting gram‐positive bacteria for the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.64, 1.25]
8 studies · 1242 participants
Moderate

Adverse events with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics vs placebo

Any adverse events · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

It is very uncertain whether adverse events with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics changes any adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Empirical antibiotics targeting gram‐positive bacteria for the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.74 [1.5, 2.01]
9 studies · 1936 participants
Very low

Treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics vs placebo

Overall failure (disregarding modifications) · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

Treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics showed no clear difference in overall failure (disregarding modifications) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Empirical antibiotics targeting gram‐positive bacteria for the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.79, 1.27]
7 studies · 943 participants
Low

Treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics vs placebo

Failure, modifications included · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

It is very uncertain whether treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics changes failure, modifications included compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Empirical antibiotics targeting gram‐positive bacteria for the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.72 [0.65, 0.79]
11 studies · 2169 participants
Very low