Gap finder

Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

Population

Intervention or exposure

Comparison

Outcome

Any field or review title

Field or topic

Source

Review versions

504 questions in 57 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

current versions

No studies 504 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
SGLT2 inhibitors vs placebo Delayed graft function · pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
SGLT2 inhibitors vs placebo Death (any cause) · pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Glitazones and insulin vs placebo and insulin Transplant or graft survival · pre‐existing and new onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Glitazones and insulin vs placebo and insulin Delayed graft function · pre‐existing and new onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Glitazones and insulin vs placebo and insulin Death (any cause) · pre‐existing and new onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Glitazones and insulin vs placebo and insulin Hypoglycaemia · pre‐existing and new onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
DPP‐4 inhibitors vs placebo Transplant or graft survival · pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients Glucose‐lowering agents for treating pre‐existing and new‐onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers vs other antihypertensives Other side effects · people with CKD requiring dialysis Calcium channel blockers for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Dihydropyridine vs non‐dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers Intradialytic hypotension · people with CKD requiring dialysis Calcium channel blockers for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers vs placebo/control Other side effects · people with CKD requiring dialysis Calcium channel blockers for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo Hospitalisation (any cause) · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo Worsening heart failure · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo Worsening kidney function · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo Hyperkalaemia · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo Quality of life · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers vs placebo Hyperkalaemia · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers vs placebo Quality of life · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo Cardiovascular death · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
ACUTE: Serelaxin vs placebo Hospitalisation (any cause) · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo Hospitalisation (any cause) · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo Heart failure hospitalisation · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo Worsening heart failure · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo Worsening kidney function · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo Hypotension · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
CHRONIC: Aldosterone antagonists vs placebo Quality of life · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
ACUTE: Serelaxin vs placebo Heart failure hospitalisation · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
ACUTE: Serelaxin vs placebo Quality of life · heart failure with chronic kidney disease Pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs low molecular weight heparin Recovery of kidney function · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs low molecular weight heparin Cost to health care services · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs no pharmacological anticoagulation Death at 28 days · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs no pharmacological anticoagulation Successful prevention of clotting · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs no pharmacological anticoagulation Treatment cessation due of adverse events · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs no pharmacological anticoagulation Recovery of kidney function · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs no pharmacological anticoagulation Thrombocytopenia · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Unfractionated heparin vs no pharmacological anticoagulation Cost to health care services · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Citrate vs unfractionated heparin Cost to health care services · CRRT Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Death · people with CKD requiring dialysis Oral protein‐based supplements versus placebo or no treatment for people with chronic kidney disease… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Tunnel tract infection · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Catheter blockage · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR PD dialysate flow problem · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Exit‐site bleeding · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Tunnel tract infection · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Catheter readjustment · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Catheter malposition · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR PD dialysate flow problem · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Exit‐site infection · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Tunnel tract infection · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Peritonitis · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Catheter readjustment · people with CKD Urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis versus conventional‐start peritoneal dialysis for people with chronic… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Calcium polystyrene sulphonate (CPS) vs sodium polystyrene sulphonate (SPS) HRQoL · people with CKD Potassium binders for chronic hyperkalaemia in people with chronic kidney disease (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies