Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
272 questions in 49 reviews · Heart
current versionsNo studies 272 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) vs beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) All‐cause mortality during hospital stay and all‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with infective endocarditis due to penicillin‐susceptible streptococci A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) vs beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) Congestive heart failure · people with infective endocarditis due to penicillin‐susceptible streptococci A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin) vs beta‐lactam (ceftriaxone) Septic embolism · people with infective endocarditis due to penicillin‐susceptible streptococci A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Levofloxacin vs standard treatment Adverse events4 · people with Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Fosfomycin plus imipenem vs vancomycin Septic embolism · people with infective endocarditis due to methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Fosfomycin plus imipenem vs vancomycin Uncontrolled infection · people with infective endocarditis due to methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Partial oral treatment vs conventional intravenous treatment of endocarditis on the left side of the heart (on native or prosthetic valves) and bacteraemia Cure · people with endocarditis on the left side of the heart (on native or prosthetic valves) with bacteraemia for… A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Levofloxacin vs standard treatment Congestive heart failure4 · people with Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Partial oral treatment vs conventional intravenous treatment of endocarditis on the left side of the heart (on native or prosthetic valves) and bacteraemia Uncontrolled infection · people with endocarditis on the left side of the heart (on native or prosthetic valves) with bacteraemia for… A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Levofloxacin vs standard treatment Septic embolism4 · people with Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Levofloxacin vs standard treatment Need for cardiac surgical interventions4 · people with Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Levofloxacin vs standard treatment Uncontrolled infection4 · people with Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Lipopeptide antibiotic (daptomycin) vs aminoglycoside (low‐dose gentamicin) plus antistaphylococcal penicillin (nafcillin, oxacillin, or flucloxacillin) or glycopeptide antibiotic (vancomycin) All‐cause mortality during hospital stay and all‐cause mortality at 1 year1 · people with endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus A comparison of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of infective endocarditis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
mHealth education intervention vs usual care Adverse events · Adults with heart failure mHealth education interventions in heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Mechanical assist devices vs intra‐aortic balloon pump Quality of life · people with acute cardiogenic shock Mechanical assist devices for acute cardiogenic shock (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Time to first hospitalisation for heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Number of days spent in hospital due to heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Economic costs · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Time to first hospitalisation for heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Number of days spent in hospital due to heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Economic costs · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Mortality from cardiovascular causes ( · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Quality of life · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Time to first hospitalisation for heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Number of days spent in hospital due to heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Rate of serious adverse events · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Economic costs · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Time to first hospitalisation for heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Number of days spent in hospital due to heart failure during · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Usual care with ivabradine vs placebo, usual care, or no treatment Mortality from cardiovascular causes ( · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Ivabradine as adjuvant treatment for chronic heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Advance care planning vs usual care Patients' satisfaction with care/treatment (yes/no) · people with heart failure with or without their surrogate decision‐makers/carers Advance care planning for adults with heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Advance care planning vs usual care Caregivers' satisfaction with care/treatment (yes/no) · people with heart failure with or without their surrogate decision‐makers/carers Advance care planning for adults with heart failure (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for the main comparison. Physical activity and exercise interventions vs usual care Outcomes Length of intervention in weeks (Median, (IQR)) · people with congenital heart disease. Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings for the main comparison. Physical activity and exercise interventions vs usual care Hospital admissions · people with congenital heart disease. Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Case management vs usual care HF mortality · adults with heart failure Disease management interventions for heart failure (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinic‐based intervention vs usual care Adverse effects · adults with heart failure Disease management interventions for heart failure (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Case management vs usual care Adverse effects · adults with heart failure Disease management interventions for heart failure (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinic‐based intervention vs usual care HF mortality · adults with heart failure Disease management interventions for heart failure (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Propafenone vs placebo or no treatment Stroke · adults in sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Flecainide vs placebo or no treatment All‐cause mortality · adults in sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Metoprolol vs placebo or no treatment Stroke · adults in sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dofetilide vs placebo or no treatment Stroke · adults in sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Disopyramide vs placebo or no treatment Proarrhythmia · adults in sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
NPPV vs SMC INTOLERANCE TO ALLOCATED TREATMENT ‐ not reported · People with cardiogenic pulmonary oedema Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events · adults (age 18 years or over) with myocardial infarction, stable angina, following coronary artery bypass graft… Interventions to promote patient utilisation of cardiac rehabilitation (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Mediterranean dietary intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention CVD mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Mediterranean dietary intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention Total mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention Adverse events · adults with established cardiovascular disease Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Mediterranean dietary intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention Adverse events · adults without cardiovascular disease Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Beta‐blockers vs placebo or no intervention Quality of life at maximum · patients with suspected or diagnosed myocardial infarction Beta‐blockers for suspected or diagnosed acute myocardial infarction (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |