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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Cotrimoxazole vs beta‐lactams Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cotrimoxazole vs beta‐lactams Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cotrimoxazole vs fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin) Diarrhoea on · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cotrimoxazole vs fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin) Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cotrimoxazole vs fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin) Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cotrimoxazole vs furazolidone Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cotrimoxazole vs furazolidone Other adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral gentamicin vs nalidixic acid Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral gentamicin vs nalidixic acid Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic vs no drug or placebo Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral gentamicin vs nalidixic acid Other adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sulphonamides vs tetracycline Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sulphonamides vs tetracycline Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sulphonamides vs tetracycline Other adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic vs no drug or placebo Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events3 ‐ not reported · patients with improving bone mineral density in children Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Patient Satisfaction ‐ not measured · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain ‐ not measured · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ‐ burns, skin damage, or cardiac arrhythmias ‐ not measured · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Physical Function ‐ not measured · patients with big toe joint osteoarthritis Interventions for treating osteoarthritis of the big toe joint (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ( · patients with big toe joint osteoarthritis Interventions for treating osteoarthritis of the big toe joint (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Disability/function ‐ not reported · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR WIthdrawals due to Adverse Events ‐ not reported · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Serious Adverse Events ‐ not reported · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Severity diarrhoea ‐ not reported · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Severe adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Anthropometric outcomes ‐ not reported · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Mortality, diarrhoea‐specific ‐ not reported · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hypnosis combined with a sedative agent vs Sedation alone (sedative agent only) Outcome NR · Children and adolescents up to 16 years of age undergoing dental treatment Hypnosis for children undergoing dental treatment (2010) · Cochrane | No randomised or quasi-randomised trials comparing hypnosis combined with sedation versus sedation alone met the inclusion criteria; this planned comparison had no eligible studies. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any antifungal intervention for the treatment of oral candidiasis vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention Relief of dysphagia · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2010) · Cochrane | None of the studies reported: relief of pain, relief of dysphagia, incidence of systemic infection, amount of analgesia, days stay in hospital, cost of oral care, patient quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Partially absorbed antifungal drug (e.g., clotrimazole, miconazole) vs Absorbed antifungal drug (e.g., fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole) Outcome NR · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2010) · Cochrane | There were no trials comparing partially absorbed drugs with either absorbed drugs or drugs not absorbed. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any antifungal intervention for the treatment of oral candidiasis vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention Relief of pain · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2010) · Cochrane | None of the studies reported: relief of pain, relief of dysphagia, incidence of systemic infection, amount of analgesia, days stay in hospital, cost of oral care, patient quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any antifungal intervention for the treatment of oral candidiasis vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention Patient quality of life · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2010) · Cochrane | None of the studies reported: relief of pain, relief of dysphagia, incidence of systemic infection, amount of analgesia, days stay in hospital, cost of oral care, patient quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Altered fractionation radiotherapy plus chemotherapy vs Chemoradiotherapy with standard (conventional) fractionation Outcome NR · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and… Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: radiotherapy (2010) · Cochrane | Discussion: 'there are no completed trials of altered fractionation plus chemotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy with standard fractionation.' | 0 studies | No studies |
Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance Development of TMD (onset/incidence of signs and symptoms) · People without TMD at baseline undergoing orthodontic treatment (TMD clinically absent at baseline); no age… · Follow-up period extended into adulthood Orthodontics for treating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance Overall symptoms, pain and headache (relief from symptoms assessed by global measures) · Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically diagnosed TMD (exhibiting two or more of the listed signs and/or symptoms) · At least 6 months after the intervention Orthodontics for treating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Altered fractionation radiotherapy vs Chemoradiotherapy (concurrent, standard fractionation) Outcome NR · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and… Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: radiotherapy (2010) · Cochrane | Discussion: altered fractionation radiotherapy 'has not been directly compared to chemoradiotherapy'. No eligible head-to-head trials. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any denture cleansing method (mechanical or chemical) vs Another method, sham/placebo, or no treatment Costs · Adults (over 18) wearing complete dentures (CD) or removable partial dentures (RPD) Interventions for cleaning dentures in adults (2009) · Cochrane | Noticeable absence of reports about costs of materials associated with denture cleansing methods; no included study assessed costs (Discussion; Implications for research). | 0 studies | No studies |
Primary surgical intervention (curettage, peripheral osteotomy, or resection) vs Primary non-surgical intervention (intralesional corticosteroids, subcutaneous calcitonin, interferon alpha, or imatinib) Overall survival · Patients with a pathological diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws Interventions for central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws (2009) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Prophylactic aciclovir (oral or intravenous) vs Placebo Amount of analgesia · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies) Interventions for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer (2009) · Cochrane | None of the prophylactic aciclovir versus placebo trials reported on amount of analgesia. For prevention or treatment, no trials reported on duration of hospital stay, amount of analgesia or patient quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Bioresorbable plates or screws (or both) vs Titanium plates or screws (used as lag screws) or both Quality of life (validated questionnaire) · Participants over 18 years of age with fractures of the facial skeleton including the mandible, maxilla, zygoma… · Up to 3 years postoperatively Resorbable versus titanium plates for facial fractures (2009) · Cochrane | Planned secondary outcome not assessed: none of the retrieved studies met the inclusion criteria, so no data were available for analysis. Verbatim (Effects of interventions): "Although 53 studies were retrieved in our… | 0 studies | No studies |
Aciclovir (oral or intravenous) for treatment vs Placebo Recurrence of lesions · Patients being treated for cancer with established oral HSV infection (bone marrow transplant recipients /… Interventions for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer (2009) · Cochrane | For the treatment comparison (aciclovir versus placebo), no data were available for recurrence of lesions, amount of analgesia, days of stay in hospital, cost of oral care or patient quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Primary surgical intervention (curettage, peripheral osteotomy, or resection) vs Primary non-surgical intervention (intralesional corticosteroids, subcutaneous calcitonin, interferon alpha, or imatinib) Disease-free survival · Patients with a pathological diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws Interventions for central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws (2009) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Primary surgical intervention (curettage, peripheral osteotomy, or resection) vs Primary non-surgical intervention (intralesional corticosteroids, subcutaneous calcitonin, interferon alpha, or imatinib) Resectability · Patients with a pathological diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws Interventions for central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws (2009) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Primary surgical intervention (curettage, peripheral osteotomy, or resection) vs Primary non-surgical intervention (intralesional corticosteroids, subcutaneous calcitonin, interferon alpha, or imatinib) Quality of life · Patients with a pathological diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws Interventions for central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws (2009) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Prophylactic aciclovir (oral or intravenous) vs Placebo Patient quality of life · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies) Interventions for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer (2009) · Cochrane | None of the prophylactic aciclovir versus placebo trials reported on patient quality of life. For prevention or treatment, no trials reported on duration of hospital stay, amount of analgesia or patient quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Bioresorbable plates or screws (or both) vs Titanium plates or screws (used as lag screws) or both Postoperative swelling assessment · Participants over 18 years of age with fractures of the facial skeleton including the mandible, maxilla, zygoma… · 0 to 48 hours after surgery Resorbable versus titanium plates for facial fractures (2009) · Cochrane | Planned secondary outcome not assessed: none of the retrieved studies met the inclusion criteria, so no data were available for analysis. Verbatim (Effects of interventions): "Although 53 studies were retrieved in our… | 0 studies | No studies |
Aciclovir (oral or intravenous) for treatment vs Placebo Days stay in hospital · Patients being treated for cancer with established oral HSV infection (bone marrow transplant recipients /… Interventions for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer (2009) · Cochrane | For the treatment comparison (aciclovir versus placebo), no data were available for recurrence of lesions, amount of analgesia, days of stay in hospital, cost of oral care or patient quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Bioresorbable plates or screws (or both) vs Titanium plates or screws (used as lag screws) or both Degree of function postoperatively (mastication, swallowing, speech) · Participants over 18 years of age with fractures of the facial skeleton including the mandible, maxilla, zygoma… · Up to 3 years postoperatively Resorbable versus titanium plates for facial fractures (2009) · Cochrane | Planned primary outcome not assessed: none of the retrieved studies met the inclusion criteria, so no data were available for analysis. Verbatim (Effects of interventions): "Although 53 studies were retrieved in our… | 0 studies | No studies |
Enamel matrix derivative (EMD; Emdogain) vs Various bone grafting (BG) procedures (animal-derived or synthetic bone / bioactive ceramic filler) Aesthetics · Patients affected by chronic, aggressive, or early onset periodontitis, with intrabony defects having an intrabony… · 1 year (time-points 1, 5 and 10 years planned) Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain®) for periodontal tissue regeneration in intrabony defects (2009) · Cochrane | Aesthetics: no trial evaluated this. | 0 studies | No studies |