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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
391 questions in 28 reviews · Incontinence
current versionsNo studies 391 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Alarm vs control or no treatment Proportion of children with adverse events · children with nocturnal enuresis Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alarm vs miscellaneous treatments Proportion of children adverse events · children with nocturnal enuresis Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alarm vs placebo drug Proportion of children dry at · children with nocturnal enuresis Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any pessary vs control, waiting list or no active treatment Perceived resolution of prolapse symptoms: ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any pessary vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) Psychological outcome measures at ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pessary plus PFMT vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) alone Perceived resolution of prolapse symptoms ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pessary plus PFMT vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) alone Cure or improvement of sexual problems ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pessary plus PFMT vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) alone Psychological outcome measures at ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any pessary vs control, waiting list or no active treatment Prolapse‐specific quality of life ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any pessary vs control, waiting list or no active treatment Psychological outcome measures at ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any pessary vs control, waiting list or no active treatment Number of women with adverse events (vaginal bleeding, voiding difficulty) · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any pessary vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) Perceived resolution of prolapse symptoms ≥ 12 months · pelvic organ prolapse in women Pessaries (mechanical devices) for managing pelvic organ prolapse in women (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control Adverse events · pregnant women who were incontinent when randomised Pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control Adverse events · pregnant women, some of who were incontinent symptoms and some who were not when randomised Pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control Adverse events · postnatal women who were incontinent when randomised Pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control Adverse events · postnatal women some of whom had incontinent symptoms and some of whom had not when randomised Pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control Adverse events · pregnant women who were continent when randomised Pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Laparoscopic colposuspension vs midurethral sling procedures Adverse effects: bladder perforations · women with urinary incontinence Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Laparoscopic colposuspension with one suture vs laparoscopic colposuspension with two sutures Quality of life · women with urinary incontinence Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Laparoscopic colposuspension with one suture vs laparoscopic colposuspension with two sutures Adverse effects: bladder perforations · women with urinary incontinence Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Laparoscopic colposuspension with one suture vs laparoscopic colposuspension with two sutures Adverse effects: de novo detrusor overactivity (urodynamic diagnosis) · women with urinary incontinence Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Laparoscopic colposuspension with sutures vs laparoscopic colposuspension with mesh and staples Quality of life · women with urinary incontinence Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Laparoscopic colposuspension with sutures vs laparoscopic colposuspension with mesh and staples Adverse effects: bladder perforations · women with urinary incontinence Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Laparoscopic colposuspension with sutures vs laparoscopic colposuspension with mesh and staples Adverse effects: voiding dysfunction · women with urinary incontinence Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Behavioural interventions vs usual care or no treatment Number of participants continent after treatment · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Specialised professional input interventions vs usual care or no treatment Health status and quality of life · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Specialised professional input interventions vs usual care or no treatment Functional ability · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Specialised professional input interventions vs usual care or no treatment Adverse events · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Complementary therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Number of incontinent episodes · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Complementary therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Perception of improvement or cure · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Complementary therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Health status and quality of life · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Complementary therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Functional ability · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Complementary therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Adverse events · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Physical therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Number of participants continent after treatment · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Physical therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Perception of improvement or cure · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Physical therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Health status and quality of life · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Physical therapy interventions vs usual care or no treatment Adverse events · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Behavioural interventions vs usual care or no treatment Perception of improvement or cure · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Behavioural interventions vs usual care or no treatment Functional ability · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Behavioural interventions vs usual care or no treatment Adverse events · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Specialised professional input interventions vs usual care or no treatment Number of incontinent episodes · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Specialised professional input interventions vs usual care or no treatment Perception of improvement or cure · people with stroke and urinary incontinence Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Repeat midurethral tape (any type) vs any other non‐tape surgical treatment (e.g. traditional sling, colposuspension, injectables) Number of women whose incontinence was improved or cured ‐ · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
One type of repeat midurethral tape vs another type of repeat midurethral tape Repeat continence surgery · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery with excision of failed tape vs surgery without excision of tape Number of women whose incontinence was improved or cured ‐ · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery with excision of failed tape vs surgery without excision of tape Objective cure rates in the longer‐term ‐ more than 12 months, · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery with excision of failed tape vs surgery without excision of tape General health status measures ‐ e.g. Short‐Form 36 · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery with excision of failed tape vs surgery without excision of tape Condition‐specific instruments designed to assess incontinence ‐ e.g. BFLUTS · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery with excision of failed tape vs surgery without excision of tape Repeat continence surgery · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery with excision of failed tape vs surgery without excision of tape Adverse events · women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |