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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
wMel‐Wolbachia infected Aedes aegypti deployments vs no deployments Adverse events potentially related to Wolbachia‐carrying Aedes deployments · children and adults at risk of dengue infection Wolbachia ‐carrying Aedes mosquitoes for preventing dengue infection (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment Participant satisfaction · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) Interventions for managing oral submucous fibrosis (2024) · Cochrane | The trials did not measure participant satisfaction. | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Acupuncture Muscle pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 5 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Prophylaxis (teeth cleaning) and CHX or iodine-NaF solution application in the dentition of women (mothers) vs Placebo dmfs index score · For interventions, pregnant women and mothers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6… Interventions with pregnant women, new mothers and other primary caregivers for preventing early childhood… (2024) · Cochrane | dmfs was listed in the SoF table but not assessed (no trial reported it). | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Fluoride varnish Caries arrest · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) · Permanent dentition (root) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data in this dentition type | 0 studies | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics without surgical intervention (with or without analgesics) vs Matched placebo without surgical intervention (with or without analgesics) Outcome NR · Adults with symptomatic apical periodontitis or acute apical abscess Systemic antibiotics for symptomatic apical periodontitis and acute apical abscess in adults (2024) · Cochrane | We found no studies comparing systemic antibiotics versus a matched placebo provided without a surgical intervention. | 0 studies | No studies |
Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment Improvement in range of jaw movement · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) Interventions for managing oral submucous fibrosis (2024) · Cochrane | The trials did not measure range of jaw movement. | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Fluoride varnish Caries arrest · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) · Permanent dentition (coronal) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data in this dentition type | 0 studies | No studies |
NiTi arch wire of one cross-sectional size vs NiTi arch wire of a different cross-sectional size Time to alignment · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane | Time to alignment: not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment Quality of life · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) Interventions for managing oral submucous fibrosis (2024) · Cochrane | The trials did not measure quality of life. | 0 studies | No studies |
Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT Quality of life · Adults (> 18 years) with recurrent periodontitis, receiving supportive (maintenance) periodontal care Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating periodontal and peri‐implant diseases (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome. | NR | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) plus fluoride varnish vs Sealants plus fluoride varnish (with or without restorations) Dental pain or sensitivity · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs No treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo splint) Recurrence rate · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 1 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. Recurrence rate was not reported in any included study across the whole review. | 0 studies | No studies |
Single preoperative dose of systemic antibiotics (clindamycin 600 mg), total chemo-mechanical debridement and root filling vs Matched placebo, total chemo-mechanical debridement and root filling Swelling at 72 hours · Adults with symptomatic apical periodontitis (no signs of spreading infection or systemic involvement) · 72 hours Systemic antibiotics for symptomatic apical periodontitis and acute apical abscess in adults (2024) · Cochrane | No data available for this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management) Severity of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Chlorhexidine varnish Aesthetics · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after submucosal instrumentation (SI) vs Submucosal instrumentation (SI) alone, or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT Pocket closure · Adults (> 18 years) with peri-implant mucositis, receiving active treatment Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating periodontal and peri‐implant diseases (2024) · Cochrane | Only one study reported evidence for adjunctive aPDT in people with peri-implant disease (Al Rifaiy 2022). Data were only available for two outcomes (PPD and BOP), both reported only at three months. No studies… | NR | No studies |
Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT Patient satisfaction · Adults (> 18 years) with recurrent periodontitis, receiving supportive (maintenance) periodontal care Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating periodontal and peri‐implant diseases (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome. | NR | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Acupuncture Severity of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 5 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Chlorhexidine varnish Dental pain or sensitivity · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) with glass ionomer cement (GIC) or glass ionomer material Caries arrest · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) · Permanent dentition Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome in this dentition type | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Acupuncture Frequency of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 5 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy) Discomfort · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 3 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Sealants or resin infiltration Dental pain or sensitivity · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) plus fluoride varnish vs Sealants plus fluoride varnish (with or without restorations) Secondary prevention of caries · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) plus fluoride varnish vs Sealants plus fluoride varnish (with or without restorations) Primary caries prevention · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Health service and/or policy intervention designed to modify access to oral health information or services for pregnant women, new mothers or other primary caregivers vs Standard care (or any comparator) Outcome NR · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes,… Interventions with pregnant women, new mothers and other primary caregivers for preventing early childhood… (2024) · Cochrane | No trials evaluated policy or health service interventions designed to modify access to oral health information or services. | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Restoration (restorative treatment) Primary caries prevention · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Placebo or no treatment Dental pain or sensitivity · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies measured this outcome | 0 studies | No studies |
Thermoelastic copper NiTi (CuNiTi) arch wire vs Conventional NiTi arch wire Root resorption · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane | Root resorption: not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Silver nitrate plus fluoride varnish Aesthetics · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Fluoride varnish Secondary prevention of caries · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) · Permanent dentition (coronal) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data in this dentition type | 0 studies | No studies |
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Chlorhexidine varnish Adverse effects · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome in this comparison | 0 studies | No studies |
Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after submucosal instrumentation (SI) vs Submucosal instrumentation (SI) alone, or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT Change in clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults (> 18 years) with peri-implant mucositis, receiving active treatment Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating periodontal and peri‐implant diseases (2024) · Cochrane | Only one study reported evidence for adjunctive aPDT in people with peri-implant disease (Al Rifaiy 2022). Data were only available for two outcomes (PPD and BOP), both reported only at three months. No studies… | NR | No studies |
High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy (2400 IU/day from pregnancy week 24 to 1 week postpartum, in addition to the recommended 400 IU/day) vs Low-dose (standard) vitamin D supplementation as recommended in national pregnancy guidelines dmft index score · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes,… Interventions with pregnant women, new mothers and other primary caregivers for preventing early childhood… (2024) · Cochrane | dmft was listed in the SoF table but not assessed (not reported for this comparison). | 0 studies | No studies |
Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT Pocket closure · Adults (> 18 years) with recurrent periodontitis, receiving supportive (maintenance) periodontal care · 6 months (change from baseline) Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating periodontal and peri‐implant diseases (2024) · Cochrane | No studies measured this outcome at 6 months (SoF row labeled 'Change in pocket depth from baseline to 6 months after treatment'); no studies reported these data at six months after treatment. | NR | No studies |
NiTi arch wire of one cross-sectional size vs NiTi arch wire of a different cross-sectional size Alignment rate · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane | Alignment rate: not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment Direct costs · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) Interventions for managing oral submucous fibrosis (2024) · Cochrane | The trials did not measure costs. | 0 studies | No studies |
Single-strand superelastic NiTi arch wire vs Coaxial superelastic NiTi arch wire Root resorption · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane | Root resorption: not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management) Discomfort · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action Discomfort · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 2 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Multistrand stainless steel wire vs Wires of other materials (conventional stainless steel, superelastic NiTi, thermoelastic NiTi) Time to alignment · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane | Time to alignment: not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
SDF (given at a particular frequency, concentration, or duration) vs SDF (given at a different frequency, concentration, or duration) Primary caries prevention · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome | 0 studies | No studies |
Multistrand stainless steel wire vs Wires of other materials (conventional stainless steel, superelastic NiTi, thermoelastic NiTi) Root resorption · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane | Root resorption: not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal splint vs Another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action Muscle pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders (2024) · Cochrane | Listed in Summary of findings 2 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy (2400 IU/day from pregnancy week 24 to 1 week postpartum, in addition to the recommended 400 IU/day) vs Low-dose (standard) vitamin D supplementation as recommended in national pregnancy guidelines dmfs index score · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes,… Interventions with pregnant women, new mothers and other primary caregivers for preventing early childhood… (2024) · Cochrane | dmfs was listed in the SoF table but not assessed (not reported for this comparison). | 0 studies | No studies |
SDF (given at a particular frequency, concentration, or duration) vs SDF (given at a different frequency, concentration, or duration) Dental pain or sensitivity · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults (2024) · Cochrane | No studies reported data for this outcome | 0 studies | No studies |
Original development of CAMBRA (Caries Management by Risk Assessment) or CAT (Caries-risk Assessment Tool) multivariable models vs Not applicable Model development with reported performance measures (per CHARMS) · Individuals of any age at risk of caries increment · Model development studies Multivariable prediction models of caries increment: a systematic review and critical appraisal. (2023) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Full-time wear of removable retainer (any type) vs Part-time wear of removable retainer (any type) Patient satisfaction · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment · 12 months, lower arch Retention procedures for stabilising tooth position after treatment with orthodontic braces (2023) · Cochrane | Not measured | 0 studies | No studies |
Surgery plus adjuvant radiotherapy vs Chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) Disease-free survival · Adults with oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer · oral cavity Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment (2023) · Cochrane | Disease-free survival: not reported (Iyer 2015). | 0 studies | No studies |