What do systematic reviews say?

Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole) vs placebo or no treatment

Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole,… led to lower oral candidiasis (present) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 0.47 [0.29, 0.78]
  7 studies · 1153 participants
  GRADE not reported

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable… led to lower sites failing to gain 2 mm attachment (proportion) compared with open flap debridement (access flap surgery); GRADE not reported.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  RR 0.54 [0.31, 0.96]
  6 studies
  GRADE not reported

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data were found for this outcome (listed under 'Other outcomes: No data were found for the following outcomes').
  0 studies
  No studies found

Tongue scraping (mechanical tongue cleaning) vs Placebo or no intervention (nothing)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Tongue scraping for treating halitosis 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Minimum 4 weeks (planned)
  No eligible randomized controlled trials comparing tongue scraping with placebo or no intervention were identified.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable… led to higher change in clinical attachment level (attachment gain) compared with open flap debridement (access flap surgery); GRADE not reported.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  MD 1.22 [0.80, 1.64]
  16 studies
  GRADE not reported

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable… led to higher hard tissue probing at surgical re-entry (bone gain) compared with open flap debridement (access flap surgery); GRADE not reported.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  MD 1.39 [1.08, 1.71]
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

GTR rm associated with bone substitutes vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) combined with bone substitutes/graft led to higher hard tissue probing at surgical re-entry (bone gain) compared with open flap debridement (access flap surgery); GRADE not reported.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  MD 3.37 [3.14, 3.61]
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Tongue scraper or tongue cleaner (One Drop Only tongue cleaner; Tongue-Putzer scraper; polystyrene scraper) vs Toothbrush (used to clean the tongue)

• Tongue scraping for treating halitosis 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Immediately to 35 min post-intervention (Seemann 2001); 1 week (Pedrazzi 2004)
  No summary of findings table or GRADE assessment (pre-GRADE review); narrative synthesis, data not pooled. Seemann 2001: peak VSC reduction 42% with the tongue cleaner, 40% with the tongue scraper and 33% with the…
  2 studies · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

Tongue scraper or tongue cleaner (One Drop Only tongue cleaner; Tongue-Putzer scraper; polystyrene scraper) vs Toothbrush (used to clean the tongue)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Tongue scraping for treating halitosis 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Minimum 4 weeks (planned)
  Neither of the two included trials provided any self expressed (perceived) or organoleptic (human nose) assessments of halitosis (the review's primary outcomes); no data.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  Radiographic data was contained in two studies. Mayfield 1998 showed 0.6 mm gain in bone from the base of the defect in both test and control groups; Ratka-Kruger 2000 reported descriptively that only minute changes in…
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No tooth loss was reported in any study although these data are incomplete where patient follow-up was not complete (no events; no estimable effect).
  17 studies
  GRADE not reported

GTR rm associated with bone substitutes vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) combined with bone substitutes/graft led to higher change in clinical attachment level (attachment gain) compared with open flap debridement (access flap surgery); GRADE not reported.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  MD 1.25 [0.89, 1.61]
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable… led to higher change in probing depth (probing depth reduction) compared with open flap debridement (access flap surgery); GRADE not reported.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  MD 1.21 [0.53, 1.88]
  11 studies
  GRADE not reported

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data were found for this outcome (listed under 'Other outcomes: No data were found for the following outcomes').
  0 studies
  No studies found

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data were found for this outcome (listed under 'Other outcomes: No data were found for the following outcomes').
  0 studies
  No studies found

Tongue scraping (mechanical tongue cleaning) vs Mouthwash or other chemical intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Tongue scraping for treating halitosis 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Minimum 4 weeks (planned)
  No randomized controlled trials comparing mechanical tongue cleaning with mouthwashes were identified; the review notes "the somewhat unexpected lack of randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of…
  0 studies
  No studies found

GTR rm associated with bone substitutes vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery)

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) combined with bone substitutes/graft led to higher change in probing depth (probing depth reduction) compared with open flap debridement (access flap surgery); GRADE not reported.

• Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes

  >=12 months
  MD 1.24 [0.89, 1.59]
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Lingualised teeth (maxillary anatomic + mandibular non-anatomic; lingualised occlusion scheme) vs Zero-degree teeth (non-anatomic, cuspless)

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: denture chewing surface designs in edentulous people 2005 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 weeks per denture set (cross-over)
  No statistically significant difference was found between the two occlusal patterns with regard to the number of adjustments required.
  1 study · 30 participants
  GRADE not reported

Lingualised teeth (maxillary anatomic + mandibular non-anatomic; lingualised occlusion scheme) vs Zero-degree teeth (non-anatomic, cuspless)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: denture chewing surface designs in edentulous people 2005 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lingualised teeth (maxillary anatomic + mandibular non-anatomic; lingualised occlusion scheme) vs Zero-degree teeth (non-anatomic, cuspless)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: denture chewing surface designs in edentulous people 2005 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found