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Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

Limit to evidence status or GRADE (optional)

25 questions in 4 reviews · cluster CL0245

current versions
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 20 · 80%Very low 2 · 8%Low 1 · 4%Moderate 2 · 8%High 0 · 0%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Intervention categories, outcome domains and clusters are a proposed key pending human validation. Clear all filters

QuestionEffectEvidenceStatus / GRADE
Resin infiltration vs Non-invasive measures (fluoride varnish/toothpaste, flossing, oral hygiene instruction, sham/standard of care)
Radiographic progression of proximal caries lesions · Children and adults with non-cavitated proximal (interproximal) caries lesions in primary and/or permanent teeth (ages… · Final follow-up (1 to 7 years across trials), Resin infiltration vs non-invasive (Fig. 5, subgroup 2.1.1)
Microinvasive interventions in the management of proximal caries lesions in primary and permanent teeth-… (2025)
OR 0.23 [0.15, 0.35]10 studies · 459 participantsUngraded
Resin infiltration vs CPP-ACFP
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic…
Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (2023)
SMD -0.52 [-1.16, 0.12]NRUngraded
Resin infiltration vs Fluoride varnish (gold standard)
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic…
Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (2023)
SMD -0.70 [-1.18, -0.21]4 studiesUngraded
Resin infiltration vs P11-4 + fluoride varnish
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic…
Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (2023)
SMD 0.01 [-0.62, 0.65]NRUngraded
Resin infiltration vs Self-assembling peptide P11-4
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic…
Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (2023)
SMD -0.39 [-0.97, 0.20]1 studyUngraded
Resin infiltration vs CPP-ACP
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic…
Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (2023)
SMD -0.77 [-1.31, -0.23]1 studyUngraded
Resin infiltration vs Control (placebo / no active therapy)
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic…
Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (2023)
SMD -0.94 [-1.46, -0.43]1 studyUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: low
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.24 [0.08, 0.72]2 studiesUngraded
Resin infiltration (Icon) vs Non-invasive treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions · Longest available follow-up
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.21 [0.15, 0.30]11 studies · 549 participantsModerate
Resin infiltration (Icon) vs Non-invasive treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: low
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.24 [0.08, 0.72]2 studiesUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: moderate to high
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.17 [0.10, 0.29]4 studiesUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, Primary dentition
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.30 [0.20, 0.45]5 studiesUngraded
Resin infiltration (Icon) vs Non-invasive treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: moderate to high
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.20 [0.10, 0.39]3 studiesUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.23 [0.18, 0.30]17 studies · 830 participantsModerate
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: low to moderate
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.38 [0.18, 0.81]1 studyUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: moderate
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.32 [0.01, 8.27]1 studyUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: high
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.14 [0.07, 0.28]3 studiesUngraded
Resin infiltration (Icon) vs Non-invasive treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: moderate
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.32 [0.01, 8.27]1 studyUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, Permanent dentition
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.20 [0.14, 0.28]12 studiesUngraded
Micro-invasive treatment (resin infiltration or sealing) vs Non-invasive / control treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal (approximal) caries lesions (primary or permanent dentition) · Longest available follow-up, All caries-risk levels (caries-risk subset)
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.20 [0.14, 0.28]9 studiesUngraded
Resin infiltration (Icon) vs Non-invasive treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: high
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.14 [0.05, 0.37]2 studiesUngraded
Resin infiltration (Icon) vs Non-invasive treatment
Radiographic proximal caries lesion progression · Patients with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions · Longest available follow-up, Caries risk: low to moderate
Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2021)
OR 0.38 [0.18, 0.81]1 studyUngraded
Resin infiltration vs No treatment
Arrest or reversal of noncavitated approximal carious lesions · Children and adults with noncavitated carious lesions on approximal surfaces (primary and permanent teeth) · 12-36 mo
Nonrestorative Treatments for Caries: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. (2019)
RR 2.11 [1.08, 4.13]6 studies · 565 participantsLow
Resin infiltration vs Sealant
Arrest or reversal of noncavitated approximal carious lesions · Children and adults with noncavitated carious lesions on approximal surfaces (primary and permanent teeth) · 12-36 mo
Nonrestorative Treatments for Caries: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. (2019)
RR 0.88 [0.4, 1.91]6 studies · 565 participantsVery low
Resin infiltration vs Resin infiltration + 5% NaF varnish
Arrest or reversal of noncavitated approximal carious lesions · Children and adults with noncavitated carious lesions on approximal surfaces (primary and permanent teeth) · 12-36 mo
Nonrestorative Treatments for Caries: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. (2019)
RR 0.46 [0.09, 2.23]6 studies · 565 participantsVery low