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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
71 questions in 12 reviews · cluster CL0100
current versionsNo studies 6 · 8.5%Ungraded 28 · 39.4%Very low 27 · 38%Low 8 · 11.3%Moderate 2 · 2.8%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Intervention categories, outcome domains and clusters are a proposed key pending human validation. Clear all filters
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Chlorhexidine vs Nanosil (nanosilver) Mortality · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator‐associated pneumonia (2020) · Cochrane | Chlorhexidine versus Nanosil (Khaky 2018): no evidence of a difference in mortality; single study. | 1 study | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine vs Miswak Incidence of VAP · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator‐associated pneumonia (2020) · Cochrane | Chlorhexidine versus miswak (Irani 2019): no evidence of a difference in incidence of VAP; single study. Also no difference in number treated with systemic antibiotics. | 1 study | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine coolant vs Distilled water coolant Reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): chlorhexidine coolant vs distilled water during ultrasonic scaling · People undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a dental setting Interventions to reduce contaminated aerosols produced during dental procedures for preventing infectious… (2020) · Cochrane | MD -124.00 [-135.78, -112.22] | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low |
Chlorhexidine vs Hydrogen peroxide Incidence of VAP · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator‐associated pneumonia (2020) · Cochrane | Chlorhexidine versus hydrogen peroxide (Dahiya 2012): no evidence of a difference in incidence of VAP; single study. | 1 study | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine vs Ozonated water Incidence of VAP · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator‐associated pneumonia (2020) · Cochrane | Chlorhexidine versus ozonated water (Hanifi 2017): some evidence of a benefit for ozonated water; single study, not replicated, interpret with caution. | 1 study | Ungraded |
Active rinse (zinc acetate + chlorhexidine + sodium fluoride), with or without tongue scraping vs Negative control rinse, with or without tongue scraping OLT and VSC scores (OralChroma and halimeter) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Ademovski 2012 (4-arm cross-over trial) compared an active rinse (with/without tongue scraping) versus a negative control rinse (with/without tongue scraping); OLT and VSC. The authors did not report the correlation… | 1 study | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine oral product (one formulation/concentration) vs Another chlorhexidine formulation, concentration or application frequency Outcome NR · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with… Chlorhexidine treatment for the prevention of dental caries in children and adolescents (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Chlorhexidine spray vs Placebo or no intervention (including routine care) Outcome NR · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with… Chlorhexidine treatment for the prevention of dental caries in children and adolescents (2015) · Cochrane | There were no trials on other products containing chlorhexidine such as sprays, toothpastes, chewing gums or mouthrinses. | 0 studies | No studies |
Chlorhexidine chewing gum vs Placebo or no intervention (including routine care) Outcome NR · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with… Chlorhexidine treatment for the prevention of dental caries in children and adolescents (2015) · Cochrane | There were no trials on other products containing chlorhexidine such as sprays, toothpastes, chewing gums or mouthrinses. | 0 studies | No studies |
Sodium hypochlorite 1% with chlorhexidine 2% final rinse vs Sodium hypochlorite 1% with normal saline final rinse Change in periapical radiolucency (radiography or CBCT), up to 1 year after treatment · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or… Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Chlorhexidine 0.2% vs Normal saline Change in periapical radiolucency (radiography or CBCT), up to 1 year after treatment · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or… Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Chlorhexidine vs Placebo/no treatment Oral mucositis (any severity) · Patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy or targeted therapies · Median 28 days Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.47, 1.24] | 4 studies · 454 participants | Low |
Chlorhexidine vs Cryotherapy (ice chips) Oral mucositis (any severity) · Patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy or targeted therapies · Median 28 days Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.76, 1.41] | 1 study · 133 participants | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine vs Cryotherapy (ice chips) Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy or targeted therapies · Median 28 days Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.13 [0.64, 1.97] | 1 study · 133 participants | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine vs Placebo/no treatment Oral mucositis (severe) · Patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy or targeted therapies · Median 28 days Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.54, 1.23] | 4 studies · 244 participants | Low |
Chlorhexidine vs Cryotherapy (ice chips) Oral mucositis (severe) · Patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy or targeted therapies · Median 28 days Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.46, 2.92] | 1 study · 133 participants | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine solution enclosed in implant inner part vs Physiologic (saline) solution Plaque · Adults with dental implants and healthy peri-implant soft tissues at baseline · 6 weeks Interventions for replacing missing teeth: maintaining and recovering soft tissue health around dental… (2010) · Cochrane | MD 0.00 [-0.48, 0.48] | 1 study · 12 participants | Ungraded |
Subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash Plaque · Adults with dental implants and peri-implant mucositis at baseline · 3 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: maintaining and recovering soft tissue health around dental… (2010) · Cochrane | MD -0.20 [-0.24, -0.16] | 1 study · 24 participants | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine vs Placebo or no treatment Oral candidiasis (present) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2007) · Cochrane | RR 0.59 [0.19, 1.83] | 3 studies · 115 participants | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine vs Chlorhexidine plus nystatin Oral candidiasis (present) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2007) · Cochrane | RR 1.62 [0.64, 4.1] | 1 study · 52 participants | Ungraded |
Chlorhexidine vs Nystatin Oral candidiasis (present) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2007) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.36, 2.21] | 1 study · 34 participants | Ungraded |