What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 368 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 368 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 368 participants
  Moderate

Honey vs standard dressing

It is very uncertain whether honey changes infection compared with conventional dressings (very low certainty).

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.13, 6.37]
  3 studies · 151 participants
  Very low

Honey vs standard dressing

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 82 participants
  Very low

Honey vs standard dressing

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Honey vs standard dressing

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 992 participants
  High

Honey vs standard dressing

It is very uncertain whether honey changes adverse events compared with conventional dressings (very low certainty).

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.56 [0.15, 2.06]
  2 studies · 992 participants
  Very low

Honey vs standard dressing

It is very uncertain whether honey changes negative wound swab compared with conventional dressings (very low certainty).

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.31 [1.01, 1.7]
  1 study · 92 participants
  Very low

Honey vs standard dressing

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Honey as a topical treatment for wounds 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to higher surgical site infection (all wound classifications) Inspection of… (high certainty).

• Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.23 [1.02, 1.48]
  5 studies · 3082 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in surgical site infection Inspection of the wound1 ( (moderate certainty).

• Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.66, 1.6]
  2 studies · 1113 participants
  Moderate

Ozone vs antibiotic treatments

Ozone showed no clear difference in number of ulcers healed compared with antibiotic treatments (low certainty).

• Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.1 [0.87, 1.4]
  1 study · 100 participants
  Low

Ozone vs antibiotic treatments

• Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 100 participants
  Low

Ozone vs antibiotic treatments

• Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 100 participants
  Low

Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care

Ozone + usual care showed no clear difference in number of ulcers healed compared with sham ozone + usual care (low certainty).

• Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.69 [0.9, 3.17]
  2 studies · 111 participants
  Low

Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care

• Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 111 participants
  Very low

Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care

Ozone + usual care showed no clear difference in adverse events/complications compared with sham ozone + usual care (low certainty).

• Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.27 [0.48, 10.79]
  1 study · 61 participants
  Low

Ozone + usual care vs sham ozone + usual care

Ozone + usual care showed no clear difference in amputation compared with sham ozone + usual care (low certainty).

• Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.73 [0.12, 64.42]
  1 study · 61 participants
  Low

Any growth factor vs placebo or no growth factor

Any growth factor may leads to higher complete wound closure compared with placebo or no growth factor (low certainty).

• Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.51 [1.31, 1.73]
  12 studies · 1316 participants
  Low