Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,252 questions · 2,353 findings · 210 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 432 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Comparison 1: antibiotic alone or antibiotic with other newborn care interventions vs usual care

Neonatal mortality · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: antibiotic alone or antibiotic with other newborn care… showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality ‐ antibiotics alone compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Neonatal mortality · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with the standard antibiotic regimen (7 days injectable benzylpenicillin… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Treatment failure · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen showed no clear difference in treatment failure compared with the standard antibiotic regimen (7 days injectable benzylpenicillin… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Adverse events · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with the standard antibiotic regimen (7 days injectable benzylpenicillin… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Neonatal mortality · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Sepsis‐specific neonatal mortality · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Treatment failure · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin showed no clear difference in treatment failure compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery vs usual care

Early neonatal mortality · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery probably leads to lower early neonatal mortality compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Adverse events · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review