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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,252 questions · 2,353 findings · 210 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 432 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Targeted or adjustable individualized fortification vs standard non‐individualized fortification

Culture‐proven late‐onset sepsis · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted or adjustable individualized fortification vs standard non‐individualized fortification

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

It is very uncertain whether targeted or adjustable individualized fortification changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia compared with standard non‐individualized fortification (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted or adjustable individualized fortification vs standard non‐individualized fortification

Retinopathy of prematurity · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

It is very uncertain whether targeted or adjustable individualized fortification changes retinopathy of prematurity, any compared with standard non‐individualized fortification (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted or adjustable individualized fortification vs standard non‐individualized fortification

Presence of osteopenia · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

It is very uncertain whether targeted or adjustable individualized fortification changes osteopenia compared with standard non‐individualized fortification (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any amount and any duration of treatment) vs control

Death before 1 year of age · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any… showed no clear difference in infant death (age < 1 year) compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

BPD or death by it prior to 37 weeks' PMA (outcomes collected through first event: death, hospital discharge, hospital transfer, or 120 days after birth) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in BPD or death by it prior to 37 weeks' PMA (outcomes collected… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Severe (grade 3 or greater) intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on cranial ultrasound ‐ not reported · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in severe IVH (grade 3 or 4) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Any late‐onset sepsis ‐ all infants · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in late‐onset sepsis (> 72 hours of age) compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Necrotizing enterocolitis (suspected or proven) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in suspected or proven NEC compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any amount and any duration of treatment) vs control

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any… showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (at 36 to 38 weeks' PMA) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any amount and any duration of treatment) vs control

ROP, stage ≥ 3 or ≥ 2 · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any… showed no clear difference in ROP, stage ≥ 3 or ≥ 2 compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any amount and any duration of treatment) vs control

Sepsis · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any… showed no clear difference in sepsis (early or late onset) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any amount and any duration of treatment) vs control

Necrotizing enterocolitis (suspected or proven) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any… showed no clear difference in necrotizing enterocolitis (suspected or proven) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any amount and any duration of treatment) vs control

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation to preterm infants (repeat doses in any… showed no clear difference in intraventricular haemorrhage, grade > 2 compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Type 1 ROP or death before determination of ROP outcome using the adjudicated ROP outcome · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in type 1 ROP or death before determination of ROP outcome using the… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review