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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,234 questions · 2,325 findings · 216 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 249 · 10.7%GRADE not reported 107 · 4.6%Very low 276 · 11.9%Low 751 · 32.3%Moderate 718 · 30.9%High 224 · 9.6%

Antibiotics vs placebo

Children with progression of the disease resulting in additional medical therapy (complications) (measured as proportion of participants) · prolonged wet cough in children

Antibiotics probably leads to lower children with progression of the disease resulting in additional… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Adverse effects of antibiotics · prolonged wet cough in children

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in children experiencing adverse effects of antibiotics (e.g.… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days vs SCS treatment

Treatment failure Need for additional treatment · exacerbations of COPD

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days showed no clear difference in treatment failure Need for additional treatment compared with SCS treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days vs SCS treatment

Relapse New acute exacerbation or COPD‐related admission · exacerbations of COPD

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days showed no clear difference in relapse New acute exacerbation or COPD‐related admission compared with SCS treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days vs SCS treatment

Adverse drug effects Gastrointestinal tract bleeding, symptomatic gastrointestinal reflux, symptoms of congestive heart failure or ischaemic heart disease, sleep disturbance, fractures, depression · exacerbations of COPD

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days showed no clear difference in adverse drug effects Gastrointestinal tract bleeding, symptomatic… compared with SCS treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review